Since when are racism and anti-Semitism the pillar policies of fascist ideology in Germany?
- Early 1920s
What social crisis convinces many Germans to support Hitler’s racist ideologies?
- Hitler’s fabrication of a world confabulated by the Jews and Bolsheviks
In 1933, how many Jews lived in Germany? What percentage of the populace was this?
- 700 000
- 1%
What did local NSDAP officials do to Jewish shop owners in 1933?
- They imposed a 3-day boycott on all Jewish storefronts, writing hateful messages on shop windows
True or False:
There is no open resistance to the 3-day boycott of Jewish storefronts
TRUE
In what year are all Jewish civil servants and judges dismissed?
1933
Define: “The Laws of Nuremberg” 1935
- September 1935
- Jews are made second-class citizens, with few rights, compared to the “Aryan Class”
- Marriages and sexual relations between Jews and Non-Jews are forbidden.
Immediately following the Nuremberg Laws in 1935, what happened to many interracial couples?
- They are forced to file a divorce.
What were the additional names Jewish people were required to have in their passports?
- Israel (for men) or Sara (for women)
What kinds of changes in daily lives occurred for Jewish people in Germany between 1935-41?
- Passport additional names
- Not allowed to go to libraries or cinemas
- Banned from public parks
- Banned from buying newspapers
- Banned from owning cars or bicycles
- Not allowed to have their hair cut
- Not allowed telephone use
- Not allowed to move houses
-Doors had to be marked with stars of David
What percentage of the Jewish-German population is forced into exile in 1938? What happened to many of them?
- 50%
- Many were denied entry to foreign ports and perished in Nazi camps upon return
What happened in November 1938 was used by the Nazis as a pretext for Kristallnacht?
- The assassination of a German diplomat by a 17 year-old Jewish boy
What buildings were targeted in particular during Kristallnacht
Synagogues
In what year does Hitler announce that a future war will have as a consequence “the complete extermination of the Jewish race”.?
1939
When are the ghettos first enforced?
1939
- And to a greater extent once Poland is defeated and Russia partly occupied
True or False: Germany had briefly tried to expel the Jews and try to get ransom for them. But as many countries among them the US were reluctant to accept more Jewish immigrants this policy was not continued.
TRUE
When does the first wave of deportations to the concentration camps Poland start?
- January 1940
Define: “Der ewige Jude”
- Two largest Nazi anti-Jewish propaganda films
__________ is is one of the most racist anti-Semite propaganda films of Nazi Germany.
“Der ewige Jude”
What racist aspect in particular is the film “Der ewige Jude” centred around?
- The racist conception that Jewish people did not work, as compared to dedicated Aryan workers
In the film “Der ewige Jude”, what animal are Jewish peoples equated with?
Rats
Which post-war French film shows the devastation of the Holocaust in Auschwitz?
“Night and fog” by Resnais
Define: Zyklon B
The gas used at Nazi extermination camps
Define: Wannsee Conference
- January 20th, 1942
- Decides that all the European Jews should be exterminated
