Hormones & Structures

Question 1

What two receptors can hormones attach to (depending on structure)?

Answer 1

Cell-Surface Receptors; Intracellular Receptors

Question 2

How does a hormone signal with an Intracellular Receptor?

Answer 2

Acts as the direct signal molecule

Question 3

How does a hormone work with a Cell-Surface Receptor?

Answer 3

Acts as an indirect signal molecule; receptor then signals to another molecule inside of the cell

Question 4

True or False; Extracellular Signals can act slowly or rapidly

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What two types of hormones are there (structurally)?

Answer 5

Lipid-Derived & Amino Acid-Derived Hormones

Question 6

Which type of hormone can pass through the phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 6

Lipid-Based Hormones

Question 7

Which type of hormone cannot pass through the phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 7

Amino Acid-Based Hormones

Question 8

What cell organ does a Lipid-Based hormone enter to attach to a receptor?

Answer 8

Nucleus

Question 9

After binding to a receptor, what does a Lipid-Based hormone do?

Answer 9

Activation of genes; results in new proteins being produced

Question 10

What does the hormone “GH” stand for?

Answer 10

Growth Hormone

Question 11

What does the hormone “PRL” stand for?

Answer 11

Prolactin

Question 12

What does the hormone “FSH” stand for?

Answer 12

Follicle-stimulating Hormone

Question 13

What does the hormone “LH” stand for?

Answer 13

Luteinizing Hormone

Question 14

What does the hormone “TSH” stand for?

Answer 14

Thyrotropic (Thyroid-stimulating) Hormone

Question 15

What does the hormone “ACTH” stand for?

Answer 15

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Question 16

What does the hormone “ADH” stand for?

Answer 16

Antidiuretic Hormone

Question 17

What does the hormone “OT” stand for?

Answer 17

Oxytocin Hormone

Question 18

What does the hormone “T4” stand for?

Answer 18

Thyroxine

Question 19

What does the hormone “T3” stand for?

Answer 19

Tri-iodothyronine

Question 20

What does the hormone “PTH” stand for?

Answer 20

Parathyroid Hormone

Question 21

What does the hormone “CRH” stand for?

Answer 21

Corticotropin-releasing Hormone

Question 22

What does the hormone “CT” stand for?

Answer 22

Calcitonin

Question 23

What does the hormone “HCG” stand for?

Answer 23

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Question 24

What does the GH Hormone do?

Answer 24

Growth of skeletal muscles and long bones; fats broken down for energy, amino acids built into proteins

Question 25

What does the PRL Hormone do?

Answer 25

Stimulates and maintains milk production following childbirth ## Footnote Function in males is unknown

Question 26

What does the FSH Hormone do?

Answer 26

Stimulates follicle development in ovaries; sperm development in males

Question 27

What does the LH Hormone do?

Answer 27

Triggers ovulation for females, testosterone production for males

Question 28

What does the TSH Hormone do?

Answer 28

Influences growth and activity of thyroid

Question 29

What does the ACTH Hormone do?

Answer 29

Regulates endocrine activity of Adrenal cortex

Question 30

What does the ADH Hormone do?

Answer 30

Can inhibit urine production; regulation of water balance and blood pressure

Question 31

What does the OT Hormone do?

Answer 31

Stimulates contraction of uterus during labor; milk ejection

Question 32

What does the T4 Hormone do?

Answer 32

A storage form of T3; converted to T3 when needed, longer lasting ## Footnote 90% of hormones produced by Thyroid are T4

Question 33

What does the T3 Hormone do?

Answer 33

Directly regulates metabolism, growth, development, heart function, etc. ## Footnote Quick functioning

Question 34

What does the PTH Hormone do?

Answer 34

Raise calcium levels in blood; stimulation of osteoclasts, kidneys, and intestine to absorb more Ca

Question 35

What does the CRH Hormone do?

Answer 35

Stimulates release of ACTH from Pituitary; direct player in fight or flight response, helps body cope with stress

Question 36

What does the CT hormone do?

Answer 36

Reduces blood calcium levels; inhibits the use of osteoclasts

Question 37

What does the HCG hormone do?

Answer 37

Ensures the continued production of estrogen & progesterone