Human development (1)

Question 1

Germinal stage

Answer 1

2 weeks, fertilization of an egg and plants into the uterus

Question 2

Embryonic stage

Answer 2

3-8 weeks. Marked by change of sensing outside environments, brain development

Question 3

Tratogens

Answer 3

External agents that cause damage or death during parental investment

Question 4

Neoantal Period

Answer 4

Majority time spent sleeping

Question 5

What are the 4 processes in the fetal stage

Answer 5

Neurogenesis, myelination, synaptogenesis, synaptic punning

Question 6

Neurogenesis

Answer 6

The creation of neurons /new cells

Question 7

Myelination

Answer 7

Neurons become stronger and get coated with a layer of myelin

Question 8

synaptogenesis

Answer 8

Space between neurons where communication takes place

Question 9

synaptic purning

Answer 9

Deleting unused synopsis / learning associations

Question 10

What two rules does motor development follow in new born babies?

Answer 10

Cephalocaudal rule and Proximodistal rule

Question 11

Cephalocaudal rule

Answer 11

Top to bottom - head movement before feat movement

Question 12

Proximodistal rule

Answer 12

Inside to outside (interior to inferior) - torso movement before limb movement

Question 13

visual Development

Answer 13

Visual development develops with mother ability

Question 14

Jean Piaget

Answer 14

Created the theory of children’s cognitive development through several stages

Question 15

What are the stages of cognitive development in children

Answer 15

Sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational

Question 16

Sensory motor stage

Answer 16

0-2 years old, our bodies use our senses to explore the world

Question 17

Pre-operational stage

Answer 17

2-7 years old, thoughts form but limited logical reasoning characterized by egocentrism

Question 18

Concrete operational stage

Answer 18

7-11 years old, develop logical thinking, remember tangible things and events - master conversation, and proceed past egocentrism

Question 19

Formal operational stage

Answer 19

I1-adulthood, develop ability to think abstractly hypothetically, and logically

Question 20

Assimilation

Answer 20

Children add new know ledge to their existing schema

Question 21

Accommodation

Answer 21

Children modify their schema to fit new knowledge

Question 22

Egocentric

Answer 22

Thinking of ones self and unawareness of those around, often occurred in babies and young children

Question 23

Sociocentric

Answer 23

Care and ability to create bonds with others, primitive trait, essential to humans

Question 24

Why does positivity bias start declining at school age?

Answer 24

Social comparison, objective evaluations, cognitive skills - perspective taking

Question 24

Positivity Bias

Answer 24

Prioritizing positive situations over negative ones.

Question 25

Rank-Order

Answer 25

you often stay in the same rank but rise and fall with the rest of you grouping

Question 26

Self-esteem in Children

Answer 26

High self-esteem

Question 27

Self-esteem in adolescents

Answer 27

lower self-esteem (typically in women)

Question 28

Self-esteem in adults

Answer 28

gradually increasing self-esteem

Question 29

Self-esteem in elderly

Answer 29

lose some self-esteem

Question 30

heredity/genetics

Answer 30

Plays a significant role on your self esteem - proven through the study of identical twins

Question 31

****Abstract thinking in adolescents****

Answer 31

**complexity of language, may think of problems that aren't there**

Question 32

What Abstract thinking do adolescents do?

Answer 32

Personal fable, self-socialization, imaginary audience

Question 33

Physiological changes in adulthood

Answer 33

change in sensory system, gain or lose in brain structure

Question 34

Psychological changes in adulthood

Answer 34

change in memory retrieval, slower cognitive processing, can come up with better cognitive problem solving due to experience