How did mountains affect unity in Ancient Greece?
They divided the land, leading to the formation of independent city-states.
Why were ships important for Ancient Greeks?
Because of their long coastline, Greeks became sailors, traders, and fishermen; ships connected city-states and foreign lands
How did Greece’s climate shape its culture?
Mild weather allowed outdoor activities like theatre, markets, and public assemblies.
Why is Greece considered a crossroads of ideas?
Its location near Egypt, Persia, and Rome allowed for the exchange of ideas and culture.
What is a polis?
A Greek city-state, often built around an acropolis.
Who were metics in Athens?
Foreign-born residents who lived and worked in Athens but had no voting rights.
How was life in Sparta different from Athens?
Sparta focused on military and discipline; Athens valued education, arts, and democracy.
What was the acropolis used for?
Military defense and religious worship.
Who could vote in the Athenian Assembly?
Male citizens over 18 whose parents were born in Athens.
What type of democracy did Athens have?
Direct democracy – citizens voted on all laws and decisions.
What was the Boulē?
A council of 500 citizens who prepared laws for the Assembly.
How were Boulē members selected?
By lottery from male citizens over 30.
What was a key problem Socrates had with democracy?
He believed uneducated citizens could make poor decisions, like letting unskilled sailors steer a ship.
Who was excluded from Athenian democracy?
Women, slaves, and metics (non-citizen residents).
What is the difference between direct and representative democracy?
Direct: citizens vote on laws directly.
Representative: citizens elect leaders to make laws for them.
