Norbert Elias
The civilizing process
Emergence of etiquette reflected profound transformations when it came to power relations to society
Pierre Bourdieu
a social Critique of the judgement of taste
Taste and disposition are defined by the powerful and power comes from the accumltion of economic, cultural nd social capital
Jorge Borges
Writing about AI in the 40s
A detriment to human knowledge if we had something that all knowledge was there
Johanns blumbachs
5 races
White, North African, arab
East and south asian
Sub-sahrahan african
North and South American
Southeast asian
Auguste Comte
Comte argued that society should be studied using the same scientific methods (observation, experimentation, comparison) as the natural sciences.
Pieter Spierenburg,
the spectacle of suffering
Feudal system and rise of the nation state saw a shift away from personal vengeance
Public executions became distasteful
Urbanization allied for the state to be powerful and hide punishment
Having public punishments allow ppl to stop the execution
Micheal Foucault
disciple and punish
The move from spectacular, public torture to scientific individual punishment emerged alongside a broader effort to have offenders internalize their discipline
Practice soft power to convince you that the institutions are there for your benefit
The powerful have created institutions that teach ppl to self disciple in ways that fit the taste preferences of the dominant
Erving Goffman
One can understand society using drama
Social interactions as reflective of the role one plays in a work of a theatre
Howard Becker
Interested in labelling and roles
Spent time with jazz musicians and drug users - in the hope of understanding deviance
Being a social deviant just means that you’re engaging in behaviours that the dominant group does not like
Kai Erikson
Considered the nature of deviance as a natural phenomenon in social life
Used seventeen century as a model for the study of deviance by looking at three different crises - the witchcraft crisis, the Quaker crisis and the antinomian crisis
Salem witch trials… they created this sense of deviance…. If they werent they would find someone else to label as deviant
Stanley cohen
In the 60’s, two youth subcultures got into a series of publicized brawls throughout southern England. This led to moral panic
Found that the press intimated that these brawls were uniquely violent and troubling (signs of broader societal trouble, but they were not actually much different than bar fights
Cohen came to define two sides as folk devils (groups that dominant groups can safely and easily define as uniquely troublesome to society
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Tractatus - Logico - Philosolphos
What can be said at all can be said clearly and what we cannot talk about must pass over i slicne
If a lion could talk, we could not understand it
How do humans communicate?
How easily communication goes wrong
PPl see pictures when ppl say stuff
John Searle
Minds brains, and programs
Chinese Room Argument
Person who doesnt understand language but knows rules doesnt reakku understand what is going on
Computors work this way
Peter singer -
Famine, Affluence and Morality
It makes no difference if the peros i can help is in front of me or a million miles away both should be pressing and impirtnan
Droning child argument
Big three
marx, durk, weber
