hyd: human affecting basin

Question 1

how does building dams increase evaporation rates?

Answer 1

due to greater surface area of water

Question 2

what harm do humans cause to dams?

Answer 2

they alter the natural river flow which they now control

Question 3

what two issues does deforestation provoke?

Answer 3

the cutting down of trees causes increased surface run off and the potential for soil erosion

Question 4

if deforestation can cause extreme river flows what does this mean for settlements downstream?

Answer 4

that they are more prone to flood

Question 5

what negatively impacts local rainfall patterns?

Answer 5

decreases in transpiration(plants releasing water) reduces cloud formation with harms local rainfall

Question 6

explain what urbanisation causes?

Answer 6

the removal vegetation and addition of impermeable surfaces: tarmac and concrete

Question 7

due to the surfaces being impermeable what issue does this cause?

Answer 7

increased amounts of surface run off, resulting in the river levels rising fast after rainfall (as water is not infilitrated into the ground)

Question 8

as the rate of ……… through the land decreases it also decreases the amount of …… which returns ………… …….. possibly ……. the water table.

Answer 8

percolation
water
groundwater storage
reducing

Question 9

IRRIGATION

what may reduce the river flow?

Answer 9

taking water from a river or groundwater storage

Question 10

what will increase as the water is stored in channels or pools?

Answer 10

evaporation

Question 11

what leads to reduced stroage capacity in lakes, river and resevoirs?

Answer 11

the silting up of them

Question 12

……. leads to reduced vegetation cover leading to increased …… ….

Answer 12

mining
surface run off