hydronephrosis

Question 1

what is hydronephrosis

Answer 1

excessive amounts of urine cause the kidney to dilate

Question 2

causes of hydronephrosis

Answer 2

Question 3

ix into hydronephrosis

Answer 3

• ultrasound - first-line: identifies presence of hydronephrosis and can assess the kidneys
• IVU- assess the position of the obstruction
• Antegrade or retrograde pyelography- allows treatment
• if suspect renal colic: CT scan (majority of stones are detected this way)

Question 4

mx of hydronephrosis

Answer 4

• Remove the obstruction and drainage of urine
• Acute upper urinary tract obstruction: nephrostomy tube
• Chronic upper urinary tract obstruction: ureteric stent or a pyeloplasty

Question 5

Answer 5

• massive hydronephrosis
• a small calculus in the left kidney.
• A single large calculus is present distally in the left ureter with accompanying hydroureter.