Hyperprolactinaemia

Question 1

What is Prolactin?

Answer 1

Peptide gonadotropic hormone

Question 2

What is prolactin released by?

Answer 2

Anterior pituitary

Question 3

What does prolactin cause?

Answer 3

Growth of mammary glands and lactation in females

Question 4

What is the normal amount of prolactin?

Answer 4

25ng/ml

Question 5

What are the main causes of hyperprolactinaemia?

Answer 5

• Pituitary adenoma
• Prolactinoma
• Hypothyroidism
• Chronis renal disease

Question 6

What are the drug causes of hyperprolactinaemia?

Answer 6

• Dopamine receptor antagonists: Risperidone, Haloperidone
• Dopamine antagonist: metoclopramide
• Dopamine depleting agents: Methyldopa
• Ant-psychotics

Question 7

What are the names of the drugs that can cause hyperprolactinaemia?

Answer 7

Risperidone
Haloperidone 
Metoclopramide 
Methyldopa 
Ant-psychotics

Question 8

What are the physiological causes of hyperprolactinaemia?

Answer 8

• Stress
• Pregnancy
• Nipple stimulation

Question 9

How does hyperprolactinaemia present in women?

Answer 9

Amenorrhoea
Oligomenorrhea
Galactorrhoea
Infertility 
Weight gain

Question 10

How does hyperprolactinaemia present in men?

Answer 10

Headaches
Visual disturbance
Erectile dysfunction

Question 11

How is hyperprolactinaemia diagnosed?

Answer 11

Prolactin levels should be 5 times the normal

Question 12

What is the management of hyperprolactinaemia?

Answer 12

Dopamine agonist
• Bromocriptine
• Cabergoline

Question 13

What is hyperprolactinaemia caused by?

Answer 13

Sheehan’s syndrome

Question 14

What does hyperprolactinaemia cause?

Answer 14

Ischaemic necrosis of the pituitary gland