Pharmacology > IBD 1 > Flashcards

IBD 1 Flashcards

(19 cards)

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1
Q

What is inflammatory bowel disease?

A

Chronic, relapsing life long condition which causes ulceration and inflammation

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2
Q

Where does ulcerative colitis affect?

A

Colon and rectum - causes watery diarrhoea

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3
Q

Where does Crohn’s disease affect?

A

Any part of the GI - difficult to differentiate

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4
Q

Where does microscopic colitis affect?

A

Affects colon and rectum - can only be seen through microscope

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5
Q

What is the peak incidence of UC, CD and MC?

A

UC = 15-25 years old
CD = 10-40 years old - more common in women and smokers
MC = 50-60 years old

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6
Q

What causes IBD?

A

Inflammatory response in the GI tract to environmental triggers in genetically susceptible individuals

  • microorganisms
  • high intake of over processed foods
  • genetic
  • abnormal gut reaction
  • trigger
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7
Q

Ulcerative colitis…

A
  1. Affects colon and rectum
  2. Inner lining of bowel
  3. Continuous
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8
Q

Crohn’s disease…

A
  1. Affects whole GI tract - mouth to anus
  2. Transmural: all layers of intestinal wall affected
  3. Discontinuous - one section inflamed one not
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9
Q

Microscopic colitis…

A
  1. Affects the colon and rectum
  2. No ulceration
  3. Changes seen in biopsy
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10
Q

Where does pancolitis affect?

A

Whole large colon

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11
Q

Remission…

A

Asymptomatic

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12
Q

Mild UC…

A

<4 stools/day, little bleeding, normal pulse, Hb, ESR, temp

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13
Q

Moderate UC…

A

4-6 stools/day, moderate bleeding, normal pulse, Hb, ESR and temp

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14
Q

Severe UC…

A

> 6 stools/day, visible bleeding, pulse >90bpm, Hb <10.5g/dL, temp >37.8 and ESR >30mm/h

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15
Q

Acute severe UC…

A

Is a potentially life threatening condition requiring immediate hospitalisation, intensive management and has a high risk of VTE

Use low MW heparin/enoxaparin

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16
Q

What are the main symptoms of IBD?

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A
  1. Diarrhoea - sometimes mixed with blood, mucus and pus
  2. Abdominal cramping pains - often very severe and can occur before passing a stool
  3. Tiredness and fatigue - due to illness, anaemia, S/E’s or disturbed sleep
  4. Feeling generally unwell - fever
  5. Loss of appetite and weight - decreased nutrient absorption
  6. Anaemia
  7. Mouth ulcers
17
Q

What are the intestinal complications of IBD?

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A
  1. Fistula
  2. Abscess
  3. Perforation
  4. Toxic megacolon
  5. Stricture
  6. Obstruction
  7. Carcinoma
  8. Peri-anal disease
18
Q

What are the extra-intestinal complications?

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A
  1. Joint disease
  2. Liver
  3. Growth retardation
  4. Skin
  5. Eye
  6. Osteoporosis
  7. Anaemia
19
Q

What is the prognosis of IBD?

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A

Relapsing condition with associated disabilities - normal life expectancy

Increased risk of carcinoma

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