What is the function of Vancomycin?
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
Vancomycin is primarily used against Gram-positive bacteria.
What type of bacteria does Bacitracin target?
Gram-positive bacteria
Bacitracin is effective in treating skin infections.
What is the mechanism of action for Quinolones?
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Quinolones, such as Nalidixic acid, are used to treat urinary tract infections.
Name two antibacterial agents that inhibit protein synthesis.
- Erythromycin (macrolides)
- Clindamycin
These agents are effective against various bacterial infections.
What is the role of Trimethoprim in antibacterial therapy?
Inhibits folate synthesis
Often used in combination with Sulfonamides.
True or false: Polymyxin is effective against Gram-positive bacteria.
FALSE
Polymyxin is primarily effective against Gram-negative bacteria.
What does MRSA stand for?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections.
What is the primary use of Piperacillin/tazobactam?
Broad-spectrum coverage including Pseudomonas
It is often used for moderate to severe infections.
Fill in the blank: Cefepime is a _______ generation cephalosporin.
4th
Cefepime is effective against Pseudomonas and other resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
What is the dosing frequency for Imipenem/cilastatin?
1g q6h IV
It is used for serious infections due to its broad spectrum.
Name one antibiotic that is a monobactam.
Aztreonam
Aztreonam is effective against Gram-negative bacteria and is safe for patients with penicillin allergies.
What is the primary action of Carbapenems?
Broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
They are often reserved for severe or resistant infections.
What does PABA stand for in the context of antibacterial agents?
Para-aminobenzoic acid
It is a substrate for folate synthesis, targeted by Sulfonamides.
What is the significance of C. difficile colitis in antibiotic therapy?
A potential side effect of antibiotic use
It can occur due to disruption of normal gut flora.
What is the dosing route for Nafcillin?
IV
Nafcillin is used for serious infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci.
What is the pregnancy category for Meropenem?
Category B
It is generally considered safe during pregnancy.
What type of infections is Ceftazidime primarily used to treat?
Infections caused by Pseudomonas
It is a third-generation cephalosporin.
What is the primary action of Daptomycin?
Disrupts cell membrane function
Daptomycin is effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA.
What is the dosing frequency for Ceftriaxone?
1-2g q12-24h IV
It is commonly used for a variety of infections.
