Ideologies Flashcards

Question

Republicanism

Answer 1

An ideology which rejects corruption, domination and tyrannical rule to embrace civic freedom, secularism and citizens' duties as central to a 'good' society

Answer 2

Roman 'res publica' = everything is public; virtue of citizenry, on avoiding corruption and tyranny and factions; the interests of the whole

Answer 3

- Social Contract, 1762 = Republicanism - Emerges out of romantic era which argues that the state of nature is our ideal state; a key text for republicanism 1. Defends 'general will' of people 2. Popular sovereignty/secularism: that people must participate in politics and sovereignty is rooted in the people; people should govern themselves 3. Takes philosophical influence from the French Revolution (secular, etc + liberal bill of rights)

Answer 4

-1790; key conservative text 1. There is a need to conserve prudence, as the people will always be swayed and not make proper decisions; 2. There needs to be an order through elite 3. Revolutionary fervour leads to terrorism (accurately predicted this) 4. Politics and emotions as closely related.

Answer 5

1. Anti-romantic/Revolutionary/Republican 2. Organic view of society: we are connected to future and past generations; society has a larger history. 3. Conservation of tradition: what already exists and work must be preserved; skepticism of change (if something has lasted a long time, then there must be something good in it) 4. Pessimistic view of human nature: believe people can be swayed by motion and manipulated; there must be a law and order; emphasis on duty rather than rights 5. Inequality and hierarchy: in an organic society, some rise to the top and that is natural; people are not naturally equal; belief in aristocracy leading society to provide stability and strength

Answer 6

- 1899, Key Socialist text | - While Marx emphasizes revolution, Bernstein argues that we can work WITHIN system to achieve

Answer 7

Dialectical materialism/historical materialism A view of history as determined by the struggle between economic forces - Associated with marx - MATERIALISM = a new way to think about history; the way we understand history is through economics; the ways in which we produce the material conditions of our own existence... (OWNERS and LABOURERS) = class conflict This class conflict is DIALECTICAL (meaning a clash); eventually leading to communism

Answer 8

``` Developed with emergence of working class during IR - Transform society in a cooperative and egalitarian one ``` An ideology that believes capitalism is an economic system that creates poverty, alienation and inequality and must be replaced or modified by a more egalitarian system Key tenets 1. GENERALLY OPTIMIST VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE: socialist believe that through socialization, the individual can be more cooperative 2. EQUALITY: equality of outcome (outcomes defined by different situations rather than ability) 3. COMMUNITY: cooperation and collectivity rather than individuality; common ownership and equality

Answer 9

Father of modern Canadian welfare state; baptist minister; Founders of co-operative commonwealth federation (CCF) in 1932, and premier of Saskatchewan; introduced Canada's first healthcare system; elected as NDP successor

Answer 10

Author of Communist manifesto, 1848 - 19th century socialist thinker, 'scientific socialism' - Deductive scientific method (concept to real world) - Laws of capital' underpinning society: we are producing the material conditions of our own reality; those who work in producing the means of productions and those who own it; thus creating a separation of class between proletariat and bourgeoisie; it is inevitable Communism ' is a much larger thing, shouldn't be restricted to 'communes' - Does not think this is an ideology, rather a scientific discovery

Answer 11

History of oppressor/oppressed -bourgeoisie played the most important/revolutionary role in history -capitalism made ppl self-interested - Free trade is exploitation - The ruling ideas of each age have always been the ideas of its ruling class. - Revolution by the working class is to raise the proletariat to the position of ruling class to win the battle of democracy. 1. Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes. 2. A heavy progressive or graduated income tax. 3. Abolition of inheritance. 4. Confiscation of the property of all rebels. 5. Centralization of credit in the banks of the state, by means of a national bank with state capital and an exclusive monopoly. 6. Centralization of the means of communication and transport 7. Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the state; the bringing into cultivation of waste lands, and the improvement of the soil 8. Equal obligation of all to work. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture. 9. Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries; gradual abolition of all the distinction between town and country by a more equable distribution of the populace over the country. 10. Free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of children's factory labor in its present form.

Ideologies Flashcards

(35 cards)