ILD

Question 1

Definition?

Answer 1

Interstitiallungdiseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders marked by inflammatory changes in the alveoli.

Question 2

CP?

Answer 2

• Exertional dyspnoea
• Persistent non-productive cough
• Fatigue
• Symptoms of underlying cause
Clubbing

Question 3

Investigations?

Answer 3

• Auscultation
  
  • Bilateral inspiratory crackles or rales or squeaks
  • Elevates diaphragm or cessation of breathing on deep inhalation
• PFTs-restrictive lung disease decreased diffusing capacity for CO
• CXR-
  
  • Reticular opacities
  • Ground-glass opacities and honeycombing
• CT
  
  • Thickening of interlobular septa-2
  • Honeycombing-3
  • Bronchiectasis-1
• Biopsy-
• Labs-oxygen sats, autoimmune disease

Question 4

Management?

Answer 4

• In secondary disease, the first step is tolimit exposureto the toxic substance, cease therapy with the drug causing symptoms, or treat the underlying disease.
• Antibioticsif bacterialinterstitial pneumoniais suspected
• Corticosteroidsand immune modulators
• Oxygen for symptomatic orend-stageILD
• Lung transplantationinend-stageILD
Pirfenidone and nintedanib are commonly used medication for ILD.