Bust of Queen Nefertiti
- first co-ruler to King Akhenaten of the Amarna period
- First queen to have her own smiting scene
- Sometimes depicted as Akhenaten’s equal (in height)
- Rules as Pharaoh after Akhenaten’s death
Mace
- Used as a weapon (hit people over the head)
- King Scorpion mace (left) depicts state development and the King as a religious figure
- Functional mace on the right
Great Sphinx at Giza and Dream Stela
- Represents Khufu (or maybe Khapre)
- Body of a lion (power), head of a man (intelligence) - depicts the King as powerful
- Protects the great Pyramid
- Dream Stela, Sphinx comes to Tutmosis IV in a dream to say “if you remove the sand from my body you will become the King”
- Sphinx is associated with Horus of the horizons
Pepi II and mother
- Pepi II was crowned Pharaoh as an infant
- Isis and Horus symbolism (mother and son)
- Pepi ruled for more than 90 years (senile King effect may have led to downfall of the Old Kingdom)
Pyramid Texts
- Pyramid Texts appear in Dynasty 5 with King Eunice.
- Detail the King’s journey into the afterlife
Khapre Statue
- built the 2nd pyramid at Giza after his father, Khufu
- Statue has Horus at the head and an image of Sema-Tawy at the bottom which suggests this may be a 3D Serekh with the chair representing the Palace
- He is wearing a Nemes crown
Khufu Statue
- Tiny, found at Abydos
- Remembered as an evil tyrant
- Makes daughter sell sex to pay for her satellite pyramid
Deier Al-Bahari
- Mortuary temples and tombs on the west bank of the nile
- Part of the theban necropolis
Senwosret III and Amenenhat III
- 2 most powerful kings of the Middle Kingdom (Dynasty 14)
- Depicted as careworn with droopy features because they’ve done so much for the people
Fortress at Buhen
- In Nubia
- Controlled traffic and resources along the Nile
- Contained a temple to Horus
Step-pyramid of Djoser
- First monolithic structure
- Imhotep was the head builder
- Built a Mastaba and kept building smaller layers on top of it
- Shrines were solid stone, not functional (for the gods)
- Designed to look like natural elements, made to last for eternity
Djoser’s complex relief
Depiction of Djoser running the Sed festival
Hatshepsut
- 18th Dynasty, new kingdom
- Female Pharaoh
- Originally regent for Tutmosis III
- Tutmosis III erases her identity as King when she dies to relieve controversy
Deir el-Medina
Village where artisans who worked on thr Valley of Kings lived
Karnak Temple of Amun
- Kings have themselves depicted on the walls
- Expands as Kings add more to it and Amun becomes the state god of Egypt
- Solar religion
Valley of the Kings
- Kings in the New Kingdom do not want to be buried under Pyramids because theyre afraid of being robbed
- Across from Thebes
- Kern is pointed mountaintop
Djet and Merenith
- Djet = 4th Pharaoh of Dynasty 1
- Merenith was his Queen and possibly the first female Pharaoh after his death
- She is buried with the 1st dynasty Kings (only woman)
5th Dynasty Sun Temples
- Obelisk structures for sun god, Re
- 3D Hieroglyphs with offering to Re
Akhenaten and Nefertiti
- Domestic scene from the Amarna period
Akhenaten
Rounded features suggest he either had a deformity or he wanted to be depicted as gender neutral considering the Aten sun disk was gender neutral.
King Tut Throne
Amarna period domestic scene AGAIN.
Corvel Vaults
Pyramid structure used by Khufu to keep stones from collapsing down
Deir el-Bahari
- Hatshepsut’s mortuary temple
- she is not buried here, but it was built for her funerary cult
Interior of King Tut’s tomb
- Howard carter discovered it
- remained as it was found for thousands of years
- Model for what a royal tomb should look like (reason King Tut is so famous)
