Noninvasive
Excellent temporal resolution
Limited spatial resolution
Scalp EEG
Measures hemodynamic response to neural activity
No radiation
Delayed and imprecise
fMRI
Surface grid and depth electrodes in epilepsy patients
Can record or stimulate
Intraoperative electrophysiological recording
Radioactive tracers injected into bloodstream
Allow imaging of metabolic activity
PET
Records magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in brain
Excellent temporal resolution
More precise than EEG
Magnetoencephalogram (MEG)
Induce small electrical changes in brain to temporarily deactivate or stimulate an area
Limited localization
Unclear interpretation
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)