immunizations

Question 1

what is active immunity

Answer 1

when the body recogizes a foreign protein and begins producing antibodies to react with that protein or antigen

occurs with:
- vaccination or having the illness
- lifelong immunity

Question 2

what is passive immunity

Answer 2

when pre formed antibodies are injected and react with a specific antigen
- limited immunity, immediate help
- immunity “loaned” from another person or animal
- helpful with people with weakened immune systems

Question 3

what is immunization

Answer 3

process of artificially stimulating active immunity by exposing the body to weakened proteins

goal: causes a limited immune response

immunization is what happens to your body after you receive the vaccine

Question 4

what are vaccines

Answer 4

the injection containing the weakened or altered protein antigens
- stimulate formation of antibodies (active immunity)
- take about 2 weeks to be effective

Question 5

name some types of vaccines

Answer 5

bacterial:
- meningococcal
- pneumococcal

toxoids:
- diptheria
- tetanus

viral infection:
- influenza
- MMR
- HPV

Question 6

name some shit that can be used as biological weapons and if we have a vaccine for it

Answer 6

• anthrax: vaccine available for military
• plague: no vaccine
• botulism: botulinum toxoid/also anti-toxoid
• smallpox: vaccine for military/high risk
• viral hemorrhagic fever: no vaccines

Question 7

what are some therapeutic actions of vaccines

Answer 7

stimulate active immunity in people who are at risk for development of a particular disease

Question 8

what are some contradindications of vaccines

Answer 8

• immune deficiency
• allergies

Question 9

what are some adverse effects of vaccines

Answer 9

immune or inflammatory reaction

Question 10

what are some drug-drug interactions for vaccines

Answer 10

immunosuppresant drugs

Question 11

describe immune sera and some types

Answer 11

found in immune globulin from an animal/humans, provide passive immunity to a specific antigen: pathogen, venom, or toxin

• immune sera: contain antibodies to specific bacteria or viruses
• antitoxin: immune sera that have antibodies to specific toxins
• antivenin: immune sera that have antibodiea to venom

Question 12

what are some examples of immune sera

Answer 12

• immune globulin
• antivenin
• black widow spider antivenin
• crotalidae polyvalent immune fab (rattlesnack bites)

Question 13

what are some drug-drug interactions with immune sera

Answer 13

immune suppressant drugs

Question 14

whats the therapeutic action of immune sera

Answer 14

• used to provide passive immunity
• lessen severity of a disease after exposure

Question 15

whats a contraindication of immune sera

Answer 15

history of a reaction in past

Question 16

what are some adverse effects of immune sera

Answer 16

• immune system response
• allergic response

Question 17

a nurse is giving a vaccine to a patient. what common side effect of vaccines should the nurse include?

1) skin rash
2) redness and soreness at injection site
3) muscle weakness and difficulty walking
4) nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

Answer 17

2) redness and soreness at injection site

Question 18

the nurse knows that which of the following meds may lead to a decreased immune response from a vaccination?

1) levothyroxine
2) prednisone
3) metoprolol
4) lovastatin

Answer 18

2) prednisone

it is a steroid which works by suppressing the immune system and the inflammatory response. suppressing the immune system will lead to decreased immune response after a vaccination