How did the Khilafat movement increase separateness?
Some Muslims opposed Gandhi’s support and saw it as opportunistic
How did the number of Muslims in Congress fall?
1921- 10%
1923- 3.6%
Tanzeem and Tabligh
Aimed to strengthen the Muslim communities, rejuvenate Islam and stop Muslims converting
Why did anti-hindu sentiment grow
Greater sense of religious identity and in poor urban areas some Muslims directed their anger at Hindus for their poor economic conditions
How did the Raj increase separateness? (position)
Position of strict neutrality adopted by the Raj.
-Encouraged both Muslims and Hindus to believe that they had equal rights to carry out their own religious practices, no matter what offence they gave.
How were festival a source of friction?
- At the muslim festival Bakr’Id, cows were ritually slaughtered
- Holi was particularly noisome and troubling to Muslims
Hindu organisation emphasising separateness
Arya Samj
What did Arja Samj do to increase separateness? (3)
- Openly criticised Islam and sought converts
- Established the Cow Protection Society, brought into conflict with Muslim butchers and tradesmen
- Attempted to have Hindi replace Urdu as the language of administration
What was a Muslim organisation that increased separateness?
Tabligh and Tanzeem movements
