Indus Valley Flashcards

Question

IVC: site: Kalibangan: discoverer? yr?

Answer 1

Ghose in 1953

Answer 2

RJ on the bank of Ghaggar

Answer 3

1. 7 Fire altar 2. camel bones 3. Wooden plough and furrows- pre harappan ploughed surfaces 4. black bangles 5. horse remains ( even though Indus valley people didn’t use horses). also terracota figurines of horses 6. Known as the third capital of the Indus Empire. 7. acc to some researchers, earliest evidence of Earthquake 8. decorated bricks 9. wheels of a toy cart 10. mesopotamian cylindrical seal

Answer 4

R Rao 1953

Answer 5

GJ on Bhogva river near Gulf of Cambay

Answer 6

1. First manmade port 2. Dockyard 3. Fire altars 4. double burial 5. House had a front entrance (exception) 6. double burial

Answer 7

terracota model of a ship, a horse

Answer 8

1. persian/iranian and Bahrainian seal; 2. The people of Lothal worshipped a fire god that could be horned deity depicted on ancient seals. 3. The evidence of beadmakers' shops has been found at Chanhudaro and Lothal.

Answer 9

1. dyeing vat 2. painted jar (bird and fox)

Answer 10

Rice husk (Rice in Lothal and Rangpur, MH)

Answer 11

Chess playing

Answer 12

JP Joshi 1964

Answer 13

1. Bones of Horses 2. Beads 3. oval grave 4. pot burials

Answer 14

RS Bisht 1974

Answer 15

Hisar, Haryana

Answer 16

1. Beads 2. Barley 3. clay model of plough 4.Evidence of both pre-Harappan and Harappan culture 5. Drainage system absent 6. lack of chess board pattern of town planning 7. clay figures of mother goddess

Answer 17

RS Bisht 1985

Answer 18

Rann of Katchh, GJ

Answer 19

The biggest site in India, until the discovery of Rakhigarhi. Water harnessing system water reservoir 3 parts + large open area for ceremonies (stadium) Large letters of the Harappan script (signboards).

Answer 20

1. F 2. T 3. F

Answer 21

Dog buried with humans.

Answer 22

1. Fariservis Theory: Environmental changes, coupled with a loss of power of rulers (central administration) of Indus valley to sustain the city life might be the cause 2. Mortimer Wheeler: Aryan invasion 3. Robert Raikes: Tectonic movements/Flood 4. Lambrick: change of course of river Indus

Answer 23

C Indus Scripts are popularly known as Boustrophedon scripts which are still not deciphered by the historians, researchers and scholars.

Answer 24

Amarendra Nath

Answer 25

1. Rakhigarhi is the largest Harappan site in the Indian subcontinent. 2. Rakhigarhi is among the five iconic sites announced by Union Finance Minister during Budget Speech in 2020. 3. mature Harappan phase represented by planned township having mud-brick as well as burnt-brick houses with a proper drainage system. 4. A cylindrical seal with five Harappan characters on one side and a symbol of an alligator on the other is an important find from this site. 5. The ceramic industry was represented by red ware, which included dish-on-stand, vase, perforated jar among others. 6. Animal sacrificial pits lined with mud-brick and triangular and circular fire altars on the mud floor have also been excavated that signifies the ritual system of Harappans. 7. The excavations have yielded a few extended burials, which certainly belong to a very late stage, maybe the medieval times. 8. Two female skeletons, who were buried with a plethora of pottery and adorned jewellery like jasper, agate beads and shell bangles, have been excavated. 9. Blades; terracotta and shell bangles, beads of semi precious stones, and copper objects; 10. animal figurines, toy cart frame and wheel of terracotta; bone points; inscribed steatite seals and sealings. 11. Recently, a study of DNA from skeletal remains excavated from the Harappan cemetery at Rakhigarhi found that the people in the Harappan Civilization have an independent origin. This study negates the theory of the Harappans having Steppe pastoral or ancient Iranian farmer ancestry.

Answer 26

Early Harappan civilization: 3300-2600BCE Mature Harappan Civilization: 2600-1900BCE Late Harappan civilization: 1900-1300 BCE

Answer 27

Proto Harappan cultures are the pre-Harappan cultures which have some of the features of the mature Harappan phase. Thus, all proto Harappan cultures are pre Harappan ones, but all pre Harappan ones are not proto Harappan.

Answer 28

There were four contemporary, interrelated, archaeological cultures that can be called Early Harappan cultures. * They are Amri-Nal culture, Kot Diji culture, Sothi-Siswal culture and Damb Sadat culture. * The main differences between these cultures are their different pottery types. 1. Amri-Nal culture: * Location: Sindh, North Balochistan, and north Gujarat. * probably dates back to 3500 BCE. 2. Kot Diji culture: * Location: Northern Sindh and adjacent regions. * Pieces of evidence of sites that succeeded the earlier Hakra Ware settlements are found. 3. Sothi-Siswal culture: * Location: In the valleys of the Ghaggar-Chautang rivers. * There are at least 165 sites of this culture, two of them larger than 20 hectares. 4. Damb Sadat: * Location: Quetta valley of central Balochistan. * The largest site is Quetta Miri and Mundigak in Afghanistan with Damb Sadat pottery.

Answer 29

B Jomie culture was around 1500BCe, which was during mature Harappan phase and thus it cannot be proto-Harappan

Answer 30

A Granary was also at Harappa

Answer 31

Harappa zebu means humped bull

Answer 32

T Generally carved on large seals with relatively short inscriptions, the zebu motif is found almost exclusively at the largest cities of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa.

Answer 33

B Sutkagen Dor is the westernmost known archaeological site of Indus Valley Civilization. It is located about 480 km west of Makran coast near the Iran border in Balochistan province of Pakistan.

Answer 34

B In Indus Valley Civilization, pulses were unknown. The chief food crops included wheat, barley, sesame, mustard, peas, etc. The evidence for rice has come from Lothal and Rangpur in the form of husks embedded in pottery. Cotton was another important crop. A piece of woven cloth has been found at Mohenjodaro. Apart from cereals, fish and animal meat also formed a part of the Harappan diet. Ragi was also not known to the Indus people.

Answer 35

C The site of Mehrgarh provides evidence for the earliest agricultural and pastoral communities in South Asia. The first inhabitants of Mehrgarh, dating to around 6500 BC, were fanners who cultivated wheat and barley as their main grain crops and had herds of cattle, sheep and goats.

Answer 36

B In Indus Valley Civilization, a granary outside to citadel was found at Mohenjodaro. Because farmers outside the walls of Mohenjodaro usually had their own granaries, some archaeologists think that grain stored within the citadel granary may have been collected as taxes.

Answer 37

C Naushero gives the evidence of Sindoor in Harappan culture. The site of Naushero, located near Mehrgarh had developed Kotdijian settlement. It was a smaller settlement but sharing fully the developmental process towards maturity of urbanization.

Answer 38

Manda, nearJammu situated near Akhnoor on bank of Chenab

Answer 39

Alamgirpur (UP)

Answer 40

Daimabad (MH)

Answer 41

1. F; Chanhudaro and Lothal 2. T

Answer 42

A A sculpture of a bronze chariot, 45 cm long, 16 cm wide, yoked to two oxen, driven by a man 16 cm high standing in it and three other bronze sculptures a rhinoceros, an elephant and a buffalo were found at Daimabad in the Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra.

Answer 43

A The Sar-i Sang mines in the region of Badakhshah in north east Afghanistan were probably the source for all Lapis-Lazuli used by the ancient people. So the people of Indus Valley Civilization period imported Lapis-Lazuli from Badakhshah

Answer 44

A, B and C At Surkotada, though the settlement pattern is repeated, there is a minor difference. In other words/though Surkotada also has the citadel and the lower town. Both of them are joined (and not separated as in Harappa, Mohenjodaro and Kalibangan).

Indus Valley Flashcards

(76 cards)