What was the beginning of industrialization
- Changes in modes of production
- increase in the rate of production
What were the changes of production?
- Workers instead of artisans
- Larger quantities of goods were produced
- Steam powered machines
- Production in factories or plants
Where and when the industrialization begin?
Great Britain around 1780
Why did industrialization begin in Britain?
-Changes in agriculture (enclosure Acts)
- changes in population (larger workforce available)
- favorable economic conditions (capital to invest)
- Technological progress (steam engine)
What were the 3 economical changes of industrialization?
- The mechanization of production (spinning hammer)
- Division of Labour (workers received wages)
- Development of capitalism (profit, bank lending money)
In order, what are the principles of capitalism?
- Ownership of the means of production
- Paid employees
- Generate profits
- Reinvestment of profits
What impacts did industrialization have on the population?
- Urbanization
- Inequality between classes (Bourgeoisie vs the working class
What were 2 characteristics of the working class?
- worked for very low wages
- Terrible living and working conditions
What other social change occurred during industrialization and what was is it about?
The Labour movement.
Trade union demanded higher wages and better living conditions.
They held strikes
Emergence of socialism which was to combat social inequalities.
Laws were adopted by the government to support the working class
What are two sectors that industrialized in the 18th century?
Textile and Metallurgy
