Infective Endocarditis

Question 1

General

Answer 1

Bacteremia –> bacteria invades valve –> Vegetation formation

Vegetation: Bacteria/Necrosis/Cell Debris/Inflmm Cells

Question 2

Classification of IE

Answer 2

1) Acute EC:

• Highly Virulent (staph A) + Normal Valve destruction

2) Subacute EC:

• Low Virulence (strep.viridens) + previously deformed valve
  
  • ABX therapy => Recovery

Question 3

Pathogenesis

Answer 3

Usually Immune system deals with the bacteria but if there are Pre-disposing factors such as:

1. RF
2. Cardiac Malformation
3. Prosthetic Valves
4. Host Factors:​

​- malignancy

• alchohol/IV drug use
• DM

Question 4

Causative Agents

Answer 4

1. Staph . A
2. Strep Viridens
3. HACEK (hemophilus/ Actinobact/ Cardiobacter/ Eikenella/ Kingella)

Question 5

Source of Micro-organism

Answer 5

1. Dental/ Surgical Procedure
2. Injection of Contaminated Material
3. Portal Entry

Question 6

Complication of Infective Endocarditis

Answer 6

1. Embolization
2. Perforation of Valve
3. Ring Abscess
4. AG in Circ –> IC formation:

​- Renal Failure

• Vasculitis
• Joint problems