Inflammation

Question 1

Where are lipid mediators derived from?

Answer 1

• Arachidonic acid

- Released by phosopholipases when activated by toll-like receptors

Question 2

Cytokines?

Answer 2

Interleukins
Interferons
TNF

• Promote inflammation

Question 3

What do lipid mediators do?

Answer 3

• Convert amino acids into COX1 and COX2, which are recognised by prostaglandins
• AA into leukotrines, which are chemoattractants of neutrophills

Question 4

What is defective phagocytosis?

Answer 4

• Occurs in chronic inflammation
• High M1, no transition to M2
• M1 is pro-inflammatory, tissue destruction

Question 5

Where are protein mediators released from?

Answer 5

Macrophages in response to activation of PRRs by PAMPs and DAMPs

Question 6

What does prostaglandins do?

Answer 6

1) Increase permeability of vessels by causing mast cells to release granules containing histamine
- And by increasing endothelial spaces

2) Regulate vasodilation/vasoconstriction

Question 7

Chemokines?

Answer 7

Chemoattractants for leukocytees

CXC18