What are the 7 information processes?
- Collecting
- Organising
- Analysing
- Storing // Retrieving
- Processing
- Transmitting // Receiving
- Displaying
What is a ‘Flat File Database’?
A flat file database organises data into a single table through structures call files, records, fields and characters.
What are the 5 ‘Keys’ used in a Relational Database?
- Single Key
- Composite Key
- Primary Key
- Secondary Key
- Foreign Key
What are the 3 ‘Relationship’ types in a Relational Database?
- One-To-One
- One-To-Many
- Many-To-Many
What are the 4 types of Storyboards?
- Linear
- Hierarchical
- Non-linear
- Combination
What are the 2 types of Encryption?
- Asymmetric Encryption
- Symmetric Encryption
How is data accessed from a database?
- Database Management System
What is ‘Batch Processing’ / what is it used for?
Batch Processing collects the transaction-data in a group and processes it later. It is used for ‘Transaction Processing Systems’.
What is ‘Real-time Processing’ / what is it used for?
Each transaction is immediately processed in a ‘Transaction Processing System’.
What is a ‘Decision Support System?’
A ‘Decision Support System’ (DSS) assists people to make decisions by providing information, models and analysis tools.
- Allows a manager to ask ‘What if’ questions.
What is an ‘Expert System?’
- Type of DSS
- Provide information and solve problems that would otherwise require a person experienced in that field (expert).
- Asks users a set of questions and compares their answers to a knowledge base (A set of general facts & if-then rules supplied by an expert).
- Solutions are not always correct, up to the user to accept or reject the solution.
What is ‘Meta data’?
Information about data.
What are the 5 types of information systems?
- Transaction processing systems
- Decision support systems
- Expert Systems
- Management information systems
- Office automation systems
What is a ‘schema’?
The data definition for a database. It is an organised plan of the entire database showing how and where the data is found, descriptions of the data, and the data’s logical relationships.
What are ‘Schematic Diagrams’?
Schematic diagrams are graphical tools that help define the database and develop a schema. e.g. Entity-relationship diagram.
What are the methods of accessing data?
- Sequential Access
- Direct Access
What is ‘Sequential Access’?
Sequential Access occurs when data is accessed in a sequence. It processes data in the order it was stored.
What is a ‘Distributed Database’?
A distributed database is a database located at more than one site. It acts as a single collection of data but is geographically dispersed.
What is the purpose of ‘Structured Query Language’ (SQL)?
A query language used to access and manipulate data in a relational database.
