Pharmacology 1 > Inhalational Dosages > Flashcards

Inhalational Dosages Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Desflurane alternate name:

A

Suprane

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2
Q

Desflurane structure:

A

3 Carbon, 6 Fluorine

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3
Q

Desflurane MOA:

A
  1. Positively modulate GABA-A receptors and glycine receptors
  2. Inhibit excitatory NMDA glutamate receptors and neuronal nicotinic Ach receptors
  3. Activate K+ channels
  4. Inhibit voltage gated Na+ channels and Ca2+ channels
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4
Q

Desflurane Boiling point:

A

23.5 C

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5
Q

Desflurane Vapor pressure:

A

669

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6
Q

Desflurane Oil:Gas solubility

A

19

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7
Q

Desflurane Blood:Gas solubility

A

0.42

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8
Q

Desflurane Metabolism:

A

0.02% by CYP2E1

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9
Q

Desflurane MAC%:

A

6%

MAC awake = 0.3-0.5 MAC, MAC 95 = 1.3 MAC, MAC BAR = 1.5 MAC

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10
Q

Desflurane Side Effects:

A
  1. Bronchospasm
  2. PONV
  3. Amnesia
  4. unconsciousness
  5. immobility
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11
Q

Desflurane Contraindications / cautions

A
  1. MH trigger
  2. Most pungent (may cause laryngospasm)
  3. Need special vaporizer (Tech-6)
  4. PONV
  5. Smokers/asthmatics due to bronchospasm
  6. Reduces MAP, CO, CI in a dose dependent fashion
  7. Prolongs QT interval
  8. Reduces SVR
  9. Decrease NMBA dose needed (25-50%)
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12
Q

Nitrous alternate name

A

Inomax

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13
Q

Nitrous Structure:

A
  1. Only inorganic anesthetic gas- no carbon atoms
  2. 2 atoms nitrogen, 1 atom oxygen
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14
Q

Nitrous MOA:

A
  1. Positively modulate GABA-A receptors and glycine receptors
  2. Inhibit excitatory NMDA glutamate receptors and neuronal nicotinic Ach receptors
  3. Activate K+ channels
  4. Inhibit voltage gated Na+ channels and Ca2+ channels
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15
Q

Nitrous Boiling Point:

A

-88.5 C

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16
Q

Nitrous Vapor pressure:

A

39,000

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17
Q

Nitrous Oil:Gas solubility:

A

1.4

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18
Q

Nitrous Blood:gas solubility:

A

0.46

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19
Q

Nitrous Metabolism:

A

0.004% metabolized by CYP2E1

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20
Q

Nitrous MAC%:

A

104%

MAC awake = 0.3-0.5 MAC, MAC 95 = 1.3 MAC, MAC BAR = 1.5 MAC

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21
Q

Nitrous side effects:

A
  1. Increased CBF
  2. PONV
  3. Amnesia
  4. unconsciousness
  5. Increased CMRO2
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22
Q

Nitrous Contraindications / cautions:

A
  1. Diffusion hypoxia
  2. Avoid in pneumothorax
  3. Avoid in intraocular air bubble
  4. Can diffuse into ETT/LMA cuff
  5. Do not use as sole anesthetic
  6. Avoid in pregnant patients if possible
  7. Decrease NMBA dose needed (25-50%)
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23
Q

Sevoflurane alternate name:

24
Q

Sevoflurane structure:

Study These Flashcards
A

4 Carbon, 7 Fluorine

25
Sevoflurane MOA:
1. Positively modulate GABA-A receptors and glycine receptors 2. Inhibit excitatory NMDA glutamate receptors and neuronal nicotinic Ach receptors 3. Activate K+ channels 4. Inhibit voltage gated Na+ channels and Ca2+ channels
26
Sevoflurane Boiling point:
58.6 C
27
Sevoflurane Vapor Pressure:
160
28
Sevoflurane Oil:Gas solubility:
47
29
Sevoflurane Blood:Gas solubility:
0.69
30
Sevoflurane metabolism:
2% by CYP2E1
31
Sevoflurane MAC%:
2% MAC awake = 0.3-0.5 MAC, MAC 95 = 1.3 MAC, MAC BAR = 1.5 MAC
32
Sevoflurane side effects:
1. Increased CBF 2. PONV 3. Amnesia 4. unconsciousness 5. immobility
33
Sevoflurane Contraindications / cautions:
1. MH trigger 2. Caution in renal patients 3. PONV 4. May induce seizure activity (particularly in peds with seizure history) 5. Must use fresh gas flow of 2L 6. Reduces MAP, CO, CI in a dose dependent fashion 7. Prolongs QT interval 8. Reduces SVR 9. Decrease NMBA dose needed (25-50%)
34
Isoflurane alternate name:
Forane
35
Isoflurane structure:
3 Carbon, 5 Fluorine
36
Isoflurane MOA:
1. Positively modulate GABA-A receptors and glycine receptors 2. Inhibit excitatory NMDA glutamate receptors and neuronal nicotinic Ach receptors 3. Activate K+ channels 4. Inhibit voltage gated Na+ channels and Ca2+ channels
37
Isoflurane boiling point:
48.5 C
38
Isoflurane Vapor pressure:
238
39
Isoflurane Oil:Gas solubility:
91
40
Isoflurane Blood:Gas solubility:
1.4
41
Isoflurane metabolism:
0.2% metabolized by CYP2E1
42
Isoflurane MAC%:
1.2% MAC awake = 0.3-0.5 MAC, MAC 95 = 1.3 MAC, MAC BAR = 1.5 MAC
43
Isoflurane side effects:
1. Bronchodilation 2. PONV 3. Amnesia 4. unconsciousness 5. immobility
44
Isoflurane Contraindications / Cautions:
1. MH trigger 2. CO poisoning from degradation in CO2 absorbents 3. Severe PONV 4. Reduces MAP, CO, CI in a dose dependent fashion 5. Prolongs QT interval 6. Reduces SVR 7. Decrease NMBA dose needed (25-50%)
45
Halothane alternate name:
Fluothane
46
Halothane Structure:
2 Carbon, 3 Fluorine
47
Halothane MOA:
1. Positively modulate GABA-A receptors and glycine receptors 2. Inhibit excitatory NMDA glutamate receptors and neuronal nicotinic Ach receptors 3. Activate K+ channels 4. Inhibit voltage gated Na+ channels and Ca2+ channels
48
Halothane boiling point:
50.2 C
49
Halothane Vapor pressure:
243
50
Halothane Oil:Gas solubility:
224
51
Halothane Blood:Gas solubility:
2.4
52
Halothane MAC%:
0.75%
53
Halothane metabolism:
20% by CYP2E1
54
Halothane side effects
1. Bronchodilation 2. PONV 3. Amnesia 4. unconsciousness 5. immobility
55
Halothane Contraindications / cautions:
1. MH trigger 2. Allergy 3. previous PONV 4. resp depression 5. Can prolong QT interval 6. Decrease NMBA dose needed (25-50%)
Pharmacology 1
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