Injection Technique

Question 1

Patient safety

8 steps

Answer 1

1. Contraindications eliminated
2. Informed consent granted
3. Able to deal with adverse reactions
4. Patient positioned correctly
5. Drugs checked and recorded
6. Aseptic/no touch technique
7. Abandon if sterile conditions corrupted
8. Observe patient for 30 minutes

Question 2

Practitioner safety

7 steps

Answer 2

1. be organised in planning, preparation and delivery
2. Don´t rush
3. Ampoule handling (opening device or gloves)
4. Sharps disposal etc.
5. Wear gloves
6. NEVER re-sheath a used needle
7. Maintain Hep B immunity

Question 3

Needlestick injuries

Immediate and after

Answer 3

Immediate

• Encourage bleeding
• wash with soap and water
• obtain urgent medical advice from:
  
  • Nearest public health laboratory
  • Hospital control of infection officer
  • occupational health services

After injuries

• If previously immunised
  
  • booster dose
  • not needed if known to have adequate antibody levels
• Not completed a course
  
  • Accelerated course Hep.B immunoglobulin
  • follow local protocol

Question 4

Aseptic no touch technique

10 steps

Answer 4

1. select patient
2. position patient
3. assemble equipment
4. wash hands
5. draw up
6. mark skin
7. apply gloves
8. clean skin
9. deliver injection
10. reassess

Question 5

Aspiration

Indications

Answer 5

Therapeutic

• usually for arthritis, instant increase in ROM, relief of pain from pus, blood, large effusion

Diagnostic

• differentiate inflammation, septic arthritis, crystal synovitis or haemarthrosis

Question 6

Aspiration

contraindications

Answer 6

• local/general sepsis
• unwell or immunosupressed patient
• prosthetic joint
• blood in muscle

Question 7

Aspiratiopn

equipment

Answer 7

• gloves, papar towels, kidney bowl, alcohol wipes
• wide bore needle 19 or 21G
• 10-50 ml syringe
• labeled sterile container, request from analysis
• needle repositioning
• aseptic technique

Question 8

Aspiration

procedure

Answer 8

• Patient position, mark skin
• cover surface with paper towels
• kidney bowl under area
• wash hands
• attach needle
• clean skin
• put on gloves
• strech skin
• begin aspiration slowly
• deposit up to 5 ml. in sterile container
• needle repositioning may be needed
• discard remainder in kidney bowl or use several syringes
• remove needle and apply cotton wool - plaster

Question 9

Aspirate

Types of aspirate

Answer 9

• normal serous fluid
• blood stained serous fluid
• blood
• xanthochromic fluid
• pus