injuries

Question 1

what is a simple fracture

Answer 1

a fracture where the bone breaks but there is no puncture to the skin
takes place in a line

Question 2

how does a simple fracture occur

Answer 2

usually from a blow e.g severe twist

Question 3

symptoms of simple fracture

Answer 3

pain at site of injury, inability to move, very tender, swelling, deformity of limb, hear bone break

Question 4

what is a compound fracture

Answer 4

where the broken bone protrudes through the skin
more serious due to infection

Question 5

how does a compound fracture occur

Answer 5

usually from a collision e.g fall in gymnastics or rugby tackle

Question 6

symptoms of a compound fracture

Answer 6

pain at site of injury, inability to move, very tender, swelling, deformity of limb, hear bone break, can see bone

Question 7

what is a greenstick fracture

Answer 7

bone only partly broken - bone buckles
common at wrist
common in children whose bones are still soft

Question 8

how does a greenstick fracture occur

Answer 8

e.g running relays or using walls to turn

Question 9

symptoms of greenstick fracture

Answer 9

pain at site of injury, inability to move, very tender, swelling, deformity of limb

Question 10

what is a stress fracture

Answer 10

due to overuse
muscles to fatigued and unable to absorb shock
linked to osteoporosis and eating disorders

Question 11

how do stress fractures occur

Answer 11

too much increase in training
no rest days
playing on unfamiliar surfaces
common on weight bearing areas e.g back

Question 12

symptoms of stress fracture

Answer 12

pain at site of injury, inability to move, very tender, swelling, deformity of limb

Question 13

what is a dislocation

Answer 13

where a bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position

Question 14

how does a dislocation occur

Answer 14

occurs from a hard hit where bone is displaced

Question 15

symptoms of dislocation

Answer 15

deformity, swelling, joint locked out of place, pain, associated fracture

Question 16

what is a sprain

Answer 16

damage to ligament

Question 17

how does a sprain / twist occur

Answer 17

twist is common in invasion games
occurs when stretching too far past normal range of joint
can occur when twisting or colliding

Question 18

symptoms of sprain

Answer 18

pain, swelling, discolouration, inability to walk if on ankle

Question 19

what is a strain

Answer 19

a twist, pull or tear of tendon or muscle
common in back of hamstring in team sports

Question 20

symptoms of a strain

Answer 20

sharp pain, popping sensation, bruising, inability to use muscle

Question 21

what is tennis elbow

Answer 21

happens when stretching or tearing muscles / tendons
happens on the outside of elbow
e.g racquet with wrong grip

Question 22

symptoms of tennis elbow

Answer 22

pain and warmth

Question 23

what is golfers elbow

Answer 23

happens when stretching or tearing muscles / tendons
happens on inside of elbow

Question 24

symptoms of golfers elbow

Answer 24

pain and warmth

Question 25

what is torn cartilage and how does it occur

Answer 25

cartilage absorbs impact and damage is often due to wear + tear from long term overuse common in knee

Question 26

symptoms of torn cartilage

Answer 26

clicking or catching sensation, popping, pain

Question 27

what is an abrasion

Answer 27

caused by friction on the skin against rough surface e.g falling over on an artificial pitch in hockey

Question 28

symptoms of abrasions

Answer 28

visible graze, keep clean to prevent infection and clean with a sterile wipe and antiseptic cream

Question 29

what is a concussion

Answer 29

mild head / brain injury

Question 30

how does a concussion occur

Answer 30

caused by a blow to the head or shake of the brain common in contact sports where you easily clash / bang heads

Question 31

symptoms of a concussion

Answer 31

headaches, weakness, dizziness, confusion, nausea, unconsciousness, seek medical advice and monitoring

Question 32

what is rice

Answer 32

a way to treat minor injuries that prevents them from getting worse

Question 33

what does rice stand for

Answer 33

rest - stop training ice - apply something cold to reduce pain and swelling compression - use pressure to hold ice to limit pain and swelling elevation - raise injury above heart to minimise swelling

Question 34

what is PAR-Q

Answer 34

a self screening tool used by people planning to start exercise to find out if anyone has underlying health issues before starting training

Question 35

how do you reduce risk in sport

Answer 35

par-q - physical readiness warm up and cool down playing by the rules protective equipment and clothing checking equipment and facilities correct use of principles of training

Question 36

examples of protective equipment and clothing

Answer 36

mouthguard - rugby gloves - boxing squash - glasses mats - gymnastics helmet - cricket skates - iceskating spikes - track studs - football