Insuficienta cardiaca

Question 1

Contraindicatii absolute ale transplantului cardiac

Answer 1

• cresterea rezistentelor vasculare pulmonare

- cancer activ

Question 2

Complicatiile transplantului cardiac

Answer 2

• rejetul grefei
• infectii precoce sau tardive
• vasculopatia de alogrefa
• HTA
• hipercolesterolemie
• cancer

Question 3

CRT - plasarea electrozilor

Answer 3

• un electrod e plasat in ventriculul drept

- alt electrod plasat in sinusul coronarian pt stimularea Vs

Question 4

Tehnici de identificare a miocardului hibernant includ:

Answer 4

• ecocardiografia de stres

- imagistica nucleara- IRM si PET

Question 5

Contraindicatii ale utilizarii IECA

Answer 5

• stenoza de artera renala
• sarcina
• antecedente de angioedem

Question 6

Principalele efecte adverse ale IECA:

Answer 6

• tuse
• hipotensiune art
• hiperpotasemie
• disfunctie renala

Question 7

Digoxin indicatie

Answer 7

Fibrilatie atriala si insuficienta cardiaca

Question 8

Ivabradina

Answer 8

• inhibitor al canalelor If din NSA - scade selectiv frecventa cardiaca fara a influenta TA
• se foloseste doar la pacientii in ritm sinusal

Question 9

Ce vaccinari se recomanda in plus la pacientii du insuficienta cardiaca

Answer 9

• pneumococica

- antigripala

Question 10

Analize sanguine de efectuat in insuficienta cardiaca

Answer 10

• hemograma completa, creatinina si electroliti serici, teste hepatice, troponina, BNP sau NT -proBNP, functie tiroidiana

Question 11

Indicator de prognostic nefavorabil in IC

Answer 11

-hiponatriemia

Question 12

Reactia endoteliala patologica in IC

Answer 12

• activitate insuficienta a NO

- concentratie plasmatica crescuta a endotelinei

Question 13

Efectele endotelinei:

Answer 13

• vasoconstrictie
• stimulare simpatica
• activarea SRAA
• HVS

Question 14

Cauzele principale ale IC:

Answer 14

• boala cardiaca ischemica (35-40%)
• cardiomiopatie dilatativa (30-34%)
• hipertensiunea (15-20%)

Question 15

Chimioterapice ce pot cauza Insuficienta cardiaca

Answer 15

• trastuzumab

- imatinib

Question 16

Indicatorii de prognostic nefavorabil in ICA cu EPA:

Answer 16

• cresterea presiunii capilare pulmonare blocate (>16mmHg)
• scaderea concentratiei de sodiu seric
• cresterea dimensiunii telediastolice a Vs la eco
• scaderea consumului de oxigen miocardic

Question 17

Analizele de sange efectuate initial in UPU pt diagnosticul ICA:

Answer 17

• creatinina si electroliti serici

- HLG, glicemie, enzime cardiace, proteina C reactiva si D-dimerii

Question 18

Valorile BNP si NT-pro BNP sugestive pentru IC:

Answer 18

• BNP >100 pg /ml

- NT-pro BNP >300pg/ml

Question 19

Complicatiile dispozitivelor de asistare venticulara

Answer 19

• tromboembolismul
• sangerarile
• infectiile
• defectiunile dispozitivului

Question 20

Suportul inotrop in ICA se face cu :

Answer 20

• dobutamina
• inhibitori de fosfodiesteraza ( Milrinona)
• levosimendan