Automotive (level 3) > Intake & Exhaust Systems > Flashcards

Intake & Exhaust Systems Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

Where is Intake Vacuum created?

A

intake piston stroke

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2
Q

What is the unit of measurement for vacuum?

A

Inches of Mercury (inHg)

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3
Q

What 2 things should you take into account before interpreting bad readings from an intake pressure test?

A

Forced Induction & Variable Valve Timing

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4
Q

What is the typical intake vacuum reading at idle?

A

18-22inHg

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5
Q

What is the pressure at sea level?

A

14.7psi

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6
Q

What happens to pressure as elevation increases?

A

pressure decreases

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7
Q

Where do we find Ported vacuum?

A

Carbureted Engines

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8
Q

What uses does vacuum have?

A

HVAC
headlights
door locks
brake booster
cruise control
emission control
servo operation

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9
Q

What are multipoint Intake Manifolds made of?

A

Phenolic Plastic, Magnesium or Cast Aluminum

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10
Q

What device allows Vacuum to flow only in one direction?

A

Check Valve

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11
Q

what does a Thermostatically Controlled Air Cleaner do?

A

Ingest air from the exhaust manifold shrouds into the intake to warm up the air for combustion

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12
Q

What are some advantages of a Single Plane intake manifold?

A

Higher RPM performance
Increased power
lighter
less WOT restriction

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13
Q

What are some disadvantages of a Single Plane intake manifold?

A

poor fuel atomization
unequal length runners

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14
Q

What are some advantages of a Double Plane intake manifold?

A

increased drivability
increased low end power
reduced emissions
increased economy

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15
Q

What are some disadvantages of a Double Plane intake manifold?

A

complex manufacturing
lacking high RPM performance
may forms hot spots
may pool fuel

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16
Q

What type of carbureted manifold would be used on high performance race cars?

A

Single Plane

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17
Q

What type of carbureted manifold would be used on mild performance economy cars?

A

Double Plane

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18
Q

What is used to heat the intake & air fuel charge of Single/Double plane intake manifolds?

A

Coolant Crossover

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19
Q

What advantage does a shorter intake manifold runner have?

A

more efficient at high RPM

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20
Q

What advantage does a longer intake manifold runner have?

A

better throttle response & increased torque

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21
Q

What happens to engine vacuum when exhaust is plugged?

A

vacuum decreases

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22
Q

Which turbocharger component is responsible for forcing air into the intake system?

A

compressor wheel / impeller

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23
Q

What is the purpose of using an intercooler?

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A

to cool the intake air to make it more dense

24
Q

What is the purpose of a mini converter?

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A

To reduce emissions during engine warm-up

25
What is the first step in turbocharger inspection?
Start the engine and listen to the system
26
What controls the movement of the turbocharger wastegate in a non computer controlled system?
Intake manifold pressure
27
At what RPM will a typical turbocharger start to create boost?
2000RPM
28
What is the suggested minimum allowable oil pressure for safe turbocharger operation?
205 kPa (30 psi)
29
As the throttle is opened on a running engine, what happens to the vacuum in the intake manifold?
decreases
30
What is the average Volumetric efficiency of an engine cylinder?
85%
31
How is air drawn into the cylinder in a naturally aspirated engine?
low pressure/vacuum (intake stroke)
32
What are the advantages of Forced Induction?
Can lower emissions Can increase fuel economy Increased volumetric efficiency Incorporate the use of smaller engines
33
What are the disadvantages of Forced Induction?
Increased costs Increased components Increased heat
34
How fast can a Turbocharger spin up to?
100,000RPM
35
How does the turbine on a Turbocharger work?
exhaust gases drive the turbine to rotate the impeller
36
What is the purpose of the Impeller on a Turbocharger?
Compresses intake air
37
What is used to limit boost pressure & prevent surging on a Turbocharger?
Wastegate Blow-off Valve (BOV) By-pass Valve (BPV)
38
how does a Blow-off Valve work?
depressurizes compressed air back to atmospheric pressure
39
how does a By-pass Valve work?
reroutes compressed air back into intake, before the Turbocharger
40
how does a Wastegate Valve work?
reroutes compressed air passed the Turbocharger, into the exhaust
41
What do Intercoolers help reduce?
reduces knocking, preignition & Nitrogen Oxides
42
What types of Turbochargers are there?
Variable Vanos Compound Sequential Dual boost
43
What types of Superchargers are there?
Roots Twin Screw Centrifugal
44
What is another name for the resonator on the induction hose of the intake?
Helmholtz Resonator
45
What is the resting state of a PSIA gauge?
14.7 psi
46
Airwaves Bounce several times in a manifold before intake valve open again, what is this called?
Acoustic Super Charging
47
Which sensor is used to retard timing when detonation is detected?
Knock Sensor
48
When a Supercharger bypass is closed, how high can boost reach?
12 psi
49
How much can an Intercooler decrease Air temperature by?
66 Celsius
50
What should be used when removing Carbon Deposits from Turbo compressors and/or turbines
soft brush & solvent
51
How much oil should be used to lubricate a Turbocharger before installation?
20cc
52
When performing reading Intake Manifold Vacuum, what could cause a Steady reading above normal?
Intake Restriction
53
When performing reading Intake Manifold Vacuum, what could cause a Slowly declining reading, at high RPM?
Exhaust Restriction
54
When performing reading Intake Manifold Vacuum, what could cause a Steady low reading?
Large Vacuum Leak
55
When performing reading Intake Manifold Vacuum, what could cause a Steady reading between 8-14inHg?
Incorrect Valve Timing
56
When performing reading Intake Manifold Vacuum, what could cause a periodic drops in vacuum?
Sticking or Leaking Valves
57
When performing reading Intake Manifold Vacuum, what could cause a fast vibrating needle?
Worn Valve Guides
Automotive (level 3)
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