What 2 main layers does the skin have?
Epridermis
Dermis
What is the upper layer of the skin?
Epidermis
Does the epidermis have a blood supply?
No, it is avascular
What is the epidermis made up of?
Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
What process allows the bottom layers of skin to continue dividing to replace the cells above?
Mitosis
How often is the whole of the epidermis replaced?
Every 22 days
What can impact the replacement of the epidermis?
Trauma and disease
What layers of skin are within the epidermis?
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
What is the stratum basale?
Base layer, the single layer of cells undergoing mitosis.
Which skin layer contains melanocytes?
Stratum basale
How do the cells of the stratum spinosum layer appear?
Spiky
What happens during the stratum granulosum layer?
Cells become filled with keratin and then die, giving them a granular appearance.
Where is stratum lucidum only present?
The nose and foot pads
What is the stratum corneum?
Top layers of dead cells containing keratin.
Where does the dermis lie?
Beneath the epidermis
What does the dermis do?
Provide physical and nutritional support for the epidermis
What does the dermis contain?
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Sensory receptors
Erector pilli muscles
Hair follicles
Sweat and sebaceous glands
What do erector pilli muscles control?
Hair movement
What glands are contained by the dermis?
Sweat
Sebaceous
What attaches the skin to muscle and bone?
Subcutaneous layer
What do sebaceous glands produce?
Sebum
What is the purpose of sebum?
Waterproofing
Soft and elastic skin and hair
Vitamin D production
Antimicrobial properties
What are the modified sebaceous glands?
Ceremonious glands
Meibomian glands
Perianal glands
What do ceremonious glands produce?
Ear wax
