Integumentery System

Question 1

What are the 3 main layers of the skin?

Answer 1

• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Hypodermis

Question 2

How many layers and found in the Epidermis?

Answer 2

5

Question 3

What cells make up 90% of the Epidermis?

Answer 3

Keratinocytes

Question 4

What % of the epidermal layer are Keratinocytes?

Answer 4

90%

Question 5

What is the function of Kertin?

Answer 5

• Protect skin from heath and minerals
• Contribute to skin colour
• Decrease water entry/loss

Question 6

What % of the epidermal layer is melacytes?

Answer 6

8%

Question 7

What is the role of Melanin?

Answer 7

Taken up by Keratiocytes to protect the nucleus from UV light

Question 8

What % of the epidermis is Langerhan cells?

Answer 8

2%

Question 9

How long does it take for a cell to travel from the bottom of the epidermis to the top?

Answer 9

2-3 weeks

Question 10

What are the regions that the Dermal layer is divided into?

Answer 10

• Papillary
• Reticular

Question 11

What are the functions of the papillary region?

Answer 11

• Comprises of connective tissue that attach to the epidermal layer and vascular network.
• Part of temperature regulation
• Dermal papillae contain nerve endings including pain and touch receptors.

Question 12

What % of your dermis is the reticular region?

Answer 12

80%

Question 13

What does the reticular region consist of?

Answer 13

Interlocking collagen fibres run in various plains

Question 14

What does the Hypodermis consist of?

Answer 14

• Subcutaneous fat
• Connective tissue
• Sweat glands
• Muscle

Question 15

What are the functions of the Hypodermis?

Answer 15

• Insulates
• Absorbs shocks
• Allows skin to move over underlying structures.

Question 16

What are the functions of the skin?

Answer 16

• Thermo regulation
• Infection barrier
• Sensory protection
• Excretion of trace amounts of water and body waste
• Absorption of lipid soluble substances.

Question 17

Define “Skin tare”.

Answer 17

Wound caused by shear, friction and/or blunt force result in separation of the skin layers.

Question 18

What constitutes to a partial thickness skin tare?

Answer 18

Separation of the epidermal and the dermal layer

Question 19

What constitutes to a full thickness skin tare?

Answer 19

Separation of the Epidermal, Dermal and hypodermal layers.

Question 20

What changes in the Dermal layers with age?

Answer 20

• The Dermal and Epidermal junction thins with age
• The Subcutaneous layer becomes thinner
• Turnover of the keratinocytes reduces by 50%

Question 21

What are the complications of skin tares in the elderly?

Answer 21

• Bleeding
• Delayed wound healing
• Cellulitis
• pain
• Localised infection
• Sepsis

Question 22

What are the risk factors for skin breakdown/ poor skin integrity?

Answer 22

• Diabetes
• Oedema
• Corticosteroid use
• Dementia

Question 23

What key things are being looked for in a skin assessment?

Answer 23

• Discomfort
• Skin integrity
• Colour changes
• Various in heat, firmness or moisture