Intellectual Disability

Question 1

Name 4 peri-natal risk factors of developing intellectual disability

Answer 1

1. Prematurity
2. Birth injury
3. Birth asphyxia
4. Neonatal disorders

Question 2

Which disorder is described by intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social, practical domains with onset during developmental period?

Answer 2

Intellectual development disorder (intellectual disability)

Question 3

3 criteria for intellectual development disorder?

Answer 3

1. Deficits in intellectual functions: reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking , judgement, academic learning, learning from expenience… Confirmed by clinical assessment and individualized standardized intelligence testing
2. Deficits in adaptive functioning: fastene to meet developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility. Limit function in 1 or more activities of daily life eg communication, social participation,in dependant living and across multiple environments
3. Onset during developmental period

Question 4

Name 4 features (criteria A ) of social (pragmatic) communication disorder

Answer 4

Persistent difficulties in social use of verbal+ nonverbal communication as manifested by all :

• deficits in using communication for social purposes, like greeting, sharing info
• impair in ability to change communication to match context or needs of listener
• difficulty following rules for conversation + storytelling eg taking turns in conversation, rephrasing when misunderstood, knowing how to use verbal + nonverbal signals to regulate interaction
• difficulty understanding what is not explicitly stated + non literal/ambiguous meanings

Question 5

Name 6 specifiers specific learning disorder

Answer 5

• With impairment in reading (dyslexia)
• with impairment in written expression
• with impairment in mathematics (dyscalculia)
• mild: 1 or 2 academic domains but can still function with right support
• moderate:
• severe: unlikely to cope

Question 6

Name 4 specifiers intellectual disability / intellectual development disorder

Answer 6

• Mild: independent, recognisable at later age
• moderate: self help training beneficial, moderate supervision, poor social awareness but fair communication
• severe: little/no communication skills, poor motor development, minimal speech
• profound: gross disability, need constant aid + supervision , min functional capacity in sensorimotor areas