What is the London Dispersion Force?
- Attractive force between 2 or more molecules electrons
- Forms a temporary dipole occurs b/c 2 non-polar molecules are close together
What causes the LDF to increase?
-Increased surface area
What is Dipole-Dipole force?
- Occurs with polar covalent bonds
- Permeant dipoles
- Stronger pull then LDF
What is Hydrogen Bonding?
- Between a Hydrogen attached to O,N,F (electronegative) and another O,N,F.
- Stronger pull than Dipole-Dipole
What is ion dipole forces?
- When Ionic bond breaks in a solution
- Dipole = Solvent
- Ion = Solute
- Charge ion that forms the strongest bond
What causes a high boiling point?
-The more intermolecular forces
What is surface tension?
-The energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid
Which molecules have a higher surface tension?
-Molecules with lower intermolecular forces
What is viscosity? (Viscous)
- Resistance of a liquid to flow
- Measured in Poise
What types of molecular forces result in a high viscosity?
-Larger intermolecular forces result in higher viscosity
What is Capillary Action?
-Ability of a liquid to flow against gravity
What is cohesion?
-Is the attraction of a liquids intermolecular forces
What is adhesion?
-Attraction between liquid and surface
What is a property of cohesive force?
-Mercury in a graduated cylinder no reacting with the glass and bubbles up
What is a property of adhesive force?
-Water in a graduated cylinder attracting to the walls to from the meniscus
What is sublimation?
-Solid to a gas
What is disposition?
-Gas to a solid
What is Fusion?
-Solid to a liquid
What are trends of boiling points?
- High IMF
- Increased weight is proportional to increased boiling point
What are trends Hydrogen bonds?
-Higher electronegativity results in stronger H-bonds
