BIO Grd 11 > Internal systems > Flashcards

Internal systems Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What is the function of blood

A
  • transports nutrients
  • transports oxygen
    -transports wastes
  • ability to quickly clot to prevent excessive loss
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2
Q

What components does blood use for bloods functions ?

A

Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets

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3
Q

Capillaries

A

Very small and that makes them reach places they need to be like branches. Blood moves slowly through then with low pressure

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4
Q

Vein

A

Carry the low pressure blood back to the heart using valves to ensure blood flows in the the correct direction

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5
Q

Arteries

A

Carry high pressure blood away from the heart tissue that need it

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6
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Narrowing of the blood vessels, the smooth muscle cells in the vessel walls narrow causing a smaller diameter

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7
Q

Vasodilatation

A

Widening or relaxing of blood vessels, the smooth muscle cells in the vessels relax, causing a bigger diameter

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8
Q

What’s the next place blood would go after being in the pulmonary vein?

A

Left atrium

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9
Q

What is the blood type of the universal donor

A

O

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10
Q

What is the scientific name for a red blood cells?

A

Erythrocytes

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11
Q

Blood vessels that join capillaries and veins are

A

Venules

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12
Q

Name for when ventricles are contracted is

A

Systole

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13
Q

Name the node that is the heart pacemaker

A

Sinoatrial node

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14
Q

Largest length organ, that is a reservoir of blood

A

The spleen

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15
Q

What is a blood vessel That is one Cell thick?

A

Capillaries

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16
Q

What is the normal blood pressure for a healthy adult?

A

120/80 mmhg

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17
Q

Explain hypertension

A

-High blood pressure
-Pressure pushed on the artery walls
-Can cause a week or even rupture. They arteries, if it is extended to a very high blood pressure and can lead to a heart attack.

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18
Q

Explain hypotension 90/60mmHg

A

-Low blood pressure
-Reduces capacity to transport blood
-It’s often due to excessive of the blood loss and can lead to shock

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19
Q

What is the blood type universal excepter

A

AB

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20
Q

EKG readings: what does the P wave mean? (First wave)

A
  • SA mode depolarizers ( it has a fast rise of energy )
  • contraction of atria
  • blood moves from atria to places in the body
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21
Q

EKG readings: QRS wave complex( second wave)

A
  • Depolarization ( gets energy) of AV node
  • contraction of ventricals
  • blood enters from ventricals to the rest of the body
  • repolarization ( wave calming down losing energy)of SA node
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22
Q

EKG reading: T wave

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A

T wave (last wave)

  • repolarization( loses energy) of AV node
  • heart is at rest
  • blood moves back to atria
23
Q

What is a 90mV difference called?

Study These Flashcards
A

Resting potential

24
Q

The change in cell potential from negative to positive and back a voltage pulse is called ? such as increased permeability of sodium that causes change

Study These Flashcards
A

Action potential

25
An EKG is recorded based on the hearts what ?
Electrical activity called électrocardiogram
26
A group of cells is called a pacemaker also known as
Sinoatrial mode or SA node
27
Anther group of cells in the right atria is called what and what do they do ?
AV node or atroventricular They conduct fibers called Bundle of His.
28
What are Purkinje fibers
Muscle fibres give energy ( depolarization) to all parts of the ventricles 
29
What is an EKG ?
Shows the electrical signals if the heart from the surface of the body. This is to see if the heart has a regular beat
30
How can other animals breath ?
- Gills ( fish ) - outer skin( worms )
31
Where does oxygen come from
Cellular respiration
32
Steps of respiratory system
Ventilation movement of air in and out of the lungs, inhalation and exhalation Gas exchange: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the blood in the alveoli and replacing tissues through the diffusion Cell respiration production of ATP
33
Air around us is what and how much
21% oxygen 0.029% carbon dioxide 75% nitrogen
34
What helps us breath
Brain, diaphragm and rib muscles
35
What makes the lub sound
Comes from the aortic, tricuspid and Mitra valves closing
36
Where does the Dub come from
From the semilunar valves closing
37
Relaxation of the heart is called ?
Diastole
38
The contraction of the heart is called what?
Systole
39
What are WBC called
Leukocytes and lymphocytes
40
What are RBC called
Erythrocytes
41
How many times does the heart contract in a minute
70-80 times per minute
42
What are the human subsystems
Pulmonary subsystem Systematic subsystem Cardiac subsystem
43
What does the pulmonary subsystem do ?
Gas exchange Interconnects with the systematic subsystem
44
What does the systematic subsystem do ?
All the capillaries, arteries, veins, venules in our artoliols
45
What does the Pancreas do
Creates pancreatic juices that also break down fats plays a big role in regulating sugar levels in the body
46
What does the liver do?
It cleans the toxins out of the blood and break down, nutrients and store, or release sugars, starches, fats, vitamins, and minerals
47
What does the gallbladder do?
Store bile to help break down fats in the small intestine
48
What is the first section of the small intestine called?
Duodenum
49
What is the lining of the small intestine covered with?
VILLI. Finger like structures that soak digested food into the bloodstream
50
How long is the small intestine?
 20 feet long
51
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are special proteins that speed up a chemical reaction
52
What is pepsin?
A protein digesting enzyme made by the stomach
53
What is Amylase?
An enzyme that breaks down complex carbohydrates example. The saliva in your mouth has Amylase
54
The main fat digesting enzyme
Lipase
BIO Grd 11
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