Describe Mary Ainsworth’s Strange Situation
Stressing the toddler with parental seperation to see how they react
What are the Three Attachment Styles?
Secure
Insecure avoidant
Insecure resistant/anxious
Secure Attachment Style
Explores when caregiver is present
Distressed when mom leaves, happy when she returns
Have better peer relationships
Better evaluated by teachers
Persist on challenging tasks
Insecure Avoidant Attachment
Explores freely, very good emotional self regulation. Minimal distress when mom leaves, minimal response when she returns
More distant in relationships
Likely to be classified as bullies
Difficulty making/maintaining friendships
Insecure Resistant/Anxious Attachment
Limited exploring, clinging to mom.
Intense distress when mom leaves,
Seeks mom when she returns but ambivalent in receiving comfort. Difficult to calm.
Sense of self is dependent on other peoples reactions
Emotionally needy
What are the Four General Parenting Styles?
Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive, Neglectful
What are the Two Dimensions of Parenting Styles?
Demandingness and responsiveness
What is Demandingness?
The degree to which parents establish rules and expectations for their children
What is Responsiveness?
The degree to which parents are responsive to child’s needs and the extent to which they express warmth, love and concern
What is the Authoritarian Parenting Style?
High demandingness, low responsiveness
Obedience and punishment
What are the Effects of Authoritarian Parenting?
Defiant/agressive children, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression
What is the Authoritative Parenting Style?
High demandingness, high responsiveness
Create positive relationship and enforce rules
What are the Effects of Authoritative Parenting?
Happy, academically & socially successful
What is the Neglectful Parenting Style?
Low demandingness, low responsiveness
No rule enforcement, no attention, no relationship
What are the Effects of Neglectful Parenting?
Academic problems, behavioural problems, psychological problems
Worst outcomes of the parenting styles
What is the Permissive Parenting Style?
Low demandingness, high responsiveness
No rule enforcement, desire positive relationship
What are the Effects of Permissive Parenting?
Outcomes better than authoritarian, worse than authoritative
Struggle academically, and with obesity
