Interwar Period

Question 1

in the 20s and 30s, which nations leaders are seeking collective security with the West?

Answer 1

stalin and Mussolini

Question 2

What was the aim of the stresa pact?

Answer 2

to limit Hitler’s expansion, rearmament (announced earlier in same year), protect Austria

Question 3

when was the stresa front formed?

Answer 3

april 1935

Question 4

why did the stresa front collapse?

Answer 4

because GB signed the Anglo-German agreement and Italy invaded Abyssinia

Question 5

who initially signed the stresa pact?

Answer 5

Italy, FR, GB

Question 6

how do Stalin and Mussolini go to when they can’t get collective security with the West?

Answer 6

Hitler

Question 7

which events contributed to Mussolini getting collective security with Hitler?

Answer 7

spanish cw, pact of steel

Question 8

which event contributed to Stalin getting collective security with Hitler?

Answer 8

nazi-soviety non-aggression pact

Question 9

what was the outcome of the USSR aiding the republicans in the spanish cw?

Answer 9

little profit due to being too cautious

Question 10

in 1938, what event increased soviet suspicion?

Answer 10

the failure to include the USSR in the munich conference?

Question 11

what did the soviets become suspicious of when they weren’t included in the munich conference?

Answer 11

that it was an attempt by the west to appease Hitler by encouraging his expansionist aims through east europe, that the west saw the USSR as an outsider and unequal partner

Question 12

what did the USSR deam a failure when Germany was given the sudetenland in the munich conference?

Answer 12

collective security against fascism

Question 13

when was the Nazi-soviety non-aggression pact signed?

Answer 13

aug 1939

Question 14

what did germany and russia agree upon in the nazi-soviet non-aggression pact?

Answer 14

10 years of peace and Poland would be split

Question 15

what pact made stalin fear a war on 2 fronts?

Answer 15

the anti-comintern pact

Question 16

when was the anit-comintern pact signed?

Answer 16

nov 1936

Question 17

who signed the anti comintern pact?

Answer 17

Japan, Germany, Italy

Question 18

what were some of the causes for italian expansion?

Answer 18

long-term weakness of Italy’s liberal democracy (national identity, church vs state), TOV, Fiume affair, rise of fascist ideology

Question 19

what were Mussolini’s foreign policy aims?

Answer 19

establish modern roman empire, distract citizens from domestic problems, negate TOV humiliation as a very small amount of territory was gained through it, preach national glory

Question 20

what was the corfu incident?

Answer 20

italian officials were assassinated in corfu, mussolini demanded reperations by greece, greek gov refused and appealed to LON, Italian troops began occupying Corfu, LON forced greece to pay and apologize so Italy would withdraw troops

Question 21

when was the corfu incident?

Answer 21

1923

Question 22

when was the pact of rome signed?

Answer 22

1924

Question 23

who were the key nations who signed the pact of rome?

Answer 23

belgium, italy, france, netherlands, luxembourg, west germany

Question 24

when was the locarno treaty signed?

Answer 24

1925

Question 25

who signed the locarno treaty?

Answer 25

germany, belgium, france, italy, great britain

Question 26

what were some of the agreements in the locarno treaty?

Answer 26

maintain demilitarization of the rhineland, settle any border disputes through arbitration

Question 27

when was the kellog-briand pact signed?

Answer 27

1928

Question 28

who were some nations who signed the kellog-briand pact?

Answer 28

USA, GB, FR, germany, Italy

Question 29

what was the purpose of the kellog-briand pact?

Answer 29

prevent future global conflicts, promote disarmament, encourage international cooperation

Question 30

when was Italy's invasion of Abyssinia?

Answer 30

april 1939

Question 31

when did Germany first try to annex austria but was stopped by italy?

Answer 31

1934

Question 32

what did mussolini do to stop Hitler from annexing austria in 1934?

Answer 32

sent 75k troops to brenner pass, making hitler back down and cease nazi actions in austria

Question 33

which historians beleive that mussolini improvised and used opportunism?

Answer 33

Taylor and Smith

Question 34

what were mussolini's successes?

Answer 34

corfu, pact of rome, albania, preventing hitler from taking austria, spanish cw

Question 35

why was the spanish cw a success for mussolini?

Answer 35

the rome-berline axis was signed later, boost in prestige, furthered fascism

Question 36

what were the failures of mussolini?

Answer 36

munich conference, abyssinia

Question 37

why was abyssinia a failure for mussolini?

Answer 37

it was a huge cost for little economic gain

Question 38

what does Steiner say regarding the appeasement of Hitler and the TOV?

Answer 38

the TOV failed to solve problems of punishing and conciliating germany

Question 39

when did hitler intro a program of rearmament?

Answer 39

1933

Question 40

when did hitler leave the Geneva disarmament conference?

Answer 40

1933

Question 41

when did hitler announce conscription?

Answer 41

1935

Question 42

when was the Anglo-German naval agreement signed

Answer 42

June 1935

Question 43

when did hitler remilitarize the Rhineland?

Answer 43

1936

Question 44

what was Germany's significance in the spanish civil war?

Answer 44

tested blitzkrieg tactics, supplied 600-700 planes, supplied 19k troops, tested weapons, airlifted 14k nationalist troops from morocco to spain

Question 45

what was the jyst of the hossbach memorandum?

Answer 45

it revealed hitler's expansionist aims for living space/lebensraum in Czech and austria

Question 46

when was the hossbach memorandum?

Answer 46

1937

Question 47

when did anschluss actually happen?

Answer 47

1938

Question 48

what was the outcome of the munich conference for Germany?

Answer 48

GB and FR gave them the sudetenland