Originally a latin word
Meaning: given things
Data
is a named entity that can be stored and manipulated using
computer. A group of data items are required to solve practical
problems”
Data
Look for a particular data or group of data
(Searching)
Insert some new data
(Insertion)
Delete (some elements may be obsolete or useless)
deletion
Change the order of the stored data
(sorting)
are the information gathered to
express knowledge about a world or an environment.
Data
They are manipulated by __________ to discuss, explain, and calculate
things about this environment.
operations
An ____________________ is a model or description of a type
of data. It identifies the components and properties of a type of
data, as well as the operations performed on the data of this type.
abstract data type (ADT)
An ADT undergoes three stages:
- Specification
- Representation
- Implementation
“This is the identification of the data’s
components, properties,relationships among its components , and
the operations performed on the data in a problem. Specification
only identifies what are involved in the problem and not how to
solve the problem. It is machine-independent and programming
language-independent.”
Specification
“This is a design on how to store instances of
the ADT. This design aims to show relationships among the
components of the data in storage. The result is called a ________. This design often uses or builds upon primitive data
types or predefined data structures available in a programming
environment.”
data structure
“This is a procedural description on how each
operation is carried out using the data structure. Each procedural
description is an algorithm. Algorithms can be written using
pseudocode or a specific programming language.”
Implementation
“A ________is a way to represent the relationship among
different data items appearing in a group along with the
operations which can be performed on that group”
data structure
Data Structure = _____________
Related Data + Allowed operations
“In the most general sense, a _________ is any data
representation and its associated operations”
data structure
“A ______________ means that there is just one starting
element and one ending element, and one can go directly from
starting element to ending element in the data.”
linear relationship
“A ______________ provides many paths form starting
element to the ending element. There may be more than one
ending elements also.”
nonlinear relationship
Also called visiting, means accessing record exactly.
Traversing
“An ________ is clearly a specified set of simple instructions to be followed to solve a
problem.”
algorithm
ombining two sorted file to form a single sorted file.
Merging
Algorithm can be specified in these forms:
- English
- As a programming language
- As a pseudo-code
“________ is defined as the process of determining a
formula for prediction of how much memory space is required to
execute an algorithm ”
Space complexity
“__________ is defined as the process of determining a
formula for total time required to execute that algorithm”
Time complexity
