Intro

Question 1

What is the Bowen Technique?

Answer 1

• Primarily a remedial therapy tool
• Does NOT attempt to inflict the will of the therapist or a specific outcome onto the client.
• Instead it offers the body an opportunity to restore structural integrity.

Question 2

• The Bowen Technique consist of a series of moves across _______, ________ & other ____ _______.
• The therapist uses their ________ or ______ on specify areas, applying ________ _________ to affect a __________ of the tissue.
• The majority of the moves can be performed through _____ ________.

Answer 2

The Bowen Technique consist of a series of moves across muscle, tendon & other soft tissue.

The therapist uses their fingers or thumbs on specify areas, applying gentle pressure to affect a movement of the tissue.

The majority of the moves can be performed through light clothing.

Question 3

In Bowen there is NO…? (5)

Answer 3

1. Hard tissue manipulation involved
2. Adjustment or high velocity movement
3. Massaging or use of oils
4. Deep or prolonged pressure
5. Equipment required.

Question 4

There is no situation where the Bowen Tequnique cannot be used safely and to good effect. People at every age can be treated: New born babies, the elderly & everyone in between.

When we talk about people however, it is very different from discussing conditions. People are unique and any one condition will vary greatly from person to person.

What are the 4 major “no-nos” of the Bowen Tequnique?

Answer 4

1. We DO NOT DIAGNOSE - Bowen is holistic or wholistic therepy. Treat the body as a whole, with the body choosing what it will & will not address.
2. We DO NOT TREAT SPECIFIC CONDITIONS - Again Treat the body as a Whole! I.e can we treat cancer? No! Can we treat people with cancer? - Yes!
3. We DO NOT PRESCRIBE OR ALTER MEDICATION
4. We DO NOT MAKE CLAIMS - Keep expectations low - there by any outcomes are appreciated rather than a degree of disappointment.

Question 5

1. Where did Tom Bowen come from?

Answer 5

1. Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Question 6

What are the eight R’s? (9)

Answer 6

1. RECEPTION - Make every stage of the clients journey as easy as possible; Clear booking procedures, welcome packs, waiting rooms should be clean, quiet & welcoming.
2. ROOMS - Relaxing & welcoming, avoid strong odours and music - both subject to taste - a client should be able to chose the music.
3. RELAXATION - Treatment should encourage relaxation or parasympathetic innervation. Soft table or bed, warm room & ensure cushions, pillows & blankets are available to adjust clients position and ensure their comfort.
4. RHYTHM - Refers to the way you move through your treatment as well as in & out of the room.
5. RESPONSE - A two-fold area looking at the response of the client as well as the response of the therapist to it. We are looking for the client to respond to the work that we are putting into the body. Therefore we need to try and stay focused as possible on what we are doing, as well as ask questions that reveal changes!
6. REPAIR - This is what we are trying to initiate. Remember, it is the client that does the repair and that we need to trust the process. Never ‘chase pain’. Allow 5-10 days between treatments in order for the body to have time to respond & repair.
7. REWARD - Wa are helping the natural process; that someone’s body changes, pain decreases and quality of life increases is a huge reward. Always be willing to help even if they can’t pay!
8. REFERRAL - Understand that although Bowen has consistently good results, it is by no means the last word in physical therepy. Many situations will need other modalities and a good therapist will have a contact list of various practitioners. Remember we might suggest that the client refer to their GP for medication or advice or a physiotherapist for areas we might not be confident or qualified. Over time a good referral works both ways and we will find referrals from other practioners arriving at our door.
9. REPORTING - Writing good notes and tracking information is vital. It is the only real evidence of how effective you are.

Question 7

How does it work?

Answer 7

There is no definitive answer.

What is certain however is that it does work. We can’t make claims, but using the technique on a constant basis will yield results. What is important is to be patient and allow the body and the technique to do the work, rather than trying to force the issue with your own set of principles or learned responses.

Question 8

What Can I treat?

Answer 8

Remeber we treat the body as a whole! If we assign specific pages or procedures to specific problems then we are fundamentally misunderstanding what Bowen is all about. Naturally enough, ther are indications that certain pages might be involved in certain problems, but we mustn’t forget to look at the bigger picture. Just remember to treat the person!

Question 9

What Responds Well to Bowen?

Answer 9

• Most commonly Back pain & here Bowen excels.
• Frozen shoulders
• Neck pain
• Hey Fever
• Asthma &
• Migraines
• Sports Injury & sports injury prevention.

Question 10

1. What other treatments should not be done alongside Bowen?
2. What can be done alongside Bowen?
3. Is bowen the best therapy?

Answer 10

1. Physical therapies, Reiki, Ultra sound, ice, magnetic therapy & Spiritual healing
2. Drug therapy, nutritional therapy, homoeopathy or exercise programs.
3. No, just finish the other treatment before starting Bowen if needed.

Question 11

What is the Bowen Move?

Answer 11

1. Skin Slack
2. Pressure
3. The Rolling Type Move

Question 12

1. Do we slide over the skin when going for the Skin Slack?
2. Does skin slack vary over the body and between individuals?
3. If poor skin slack can we press harder?
4. What else can we look for with skin slack?

Answer 12

1. Never slide over the surface of the skin
2. yes, veries over the body and varies between individuals.
3. No, it is important that the pressure is not increased simply due to lack of skin slack.
4. Good observation regarding the condition of the skin, its temp, colour & elasticity. Also the responce to the Bowen move, is there any redness or erythema

Question 13

1. How hard shoulde we be pressing?
2. What principal should we follow in bowen?
3. How should the therapist be when treating?

Answer 13

1. ‘Eyeball’ pressure - confident without being hard.
2. Less is More!
3. Hands, arms and shoulders should be relaxed!!! - Tension will translate into the hands very easily, resulting in a heavy or hard move.

Question 14

1. What is the idea of the Rolling type Move?
2. The action of the move creates?
3. When should the move be made
4. How long should a move take?

Answer 14

1. To create a disturbance of the muscle, about which the brain will need to take action. The disturbance creates a set of questions that need answers, and this question & answering takes place in the breaks.
2. an equal & opposite reation in the muscle.
3. generally on the exhalation of the client
4. about 2 full seconds from begining to end.

Question 15

1. Where are the bottom stoppers located?
2. What do we do when do the bottom stoppers?
3. Where are the top stoppers located?

Answer 15

1. Bottom stoppers are n the lower, inward curve of the spine in an area of a high degree of stress. Lumbar (L2-L4).
2. release and open the ‘energetic potential’ of the area and alow it to be a focal point for the rest of the lower back.
3. Top stoppers are in the upper outward curve of the spine, at a point of extreme stress. Mid-thorasic (T6-T8).

Question 16

1. Rules of energy?
2. What are the implications for the whole spine if the tightest or most stressed points are relaxed?

Answer 16

1. Energy canot be created and therefore cannot be destroyed. - We can only convert or divert it.
2. Given that the nerves of function for the entire stystem stem from the spine, any relaxation in associated spinal muscles creates the possiblity that there will be change for the entire system, simply by the application of 2 moves.

Question 17

Muscle Groupes in Page 1

1 & 2 =

3 & 4 =

Holding point 5a =

5 & 6 =

7 & 8 =

9 & 10 =

Answer 17

Muscle Groupes in Page 1

1 & 2 = Erector Spinae

3 & 4 = Glutei (Maximus/ Medius & Minimus)

Holding point 5a = Holding at Long Head of Biceps Femoris

5 & 6 = Popliteal fossa between tendons of Biceps Femoris & Semitendinosus/Membranosus

7 & 8 = Ilio Tibial Band/ Vastus Lateralis

9 & 10 = As for 3 & 4 Vastus Lateralis (HTL)

Question 18

Muscle Groups in Page 2

Moves 1 & 2 =

Moves 3 & 4 =

Moves 5 - 8 =

Moves 9 & 10 =

Moves 11 - 14

Answer 18

Muscle Groups in Page 2

Moves 1 & 2 = Erector Spinae

Moves 3 & 4 = Erector Spinae

Moves 5 - 8 = Rhomboids and Lavator Scapulae

Moves 9 & 10 = Latissimus Dorsi

Moves 11 - 14 = Erector Spinae

Question 19

Muscle Groups in Page 3

Moves 1 & 2 =

Moves 3 & 4 =

Moves 5 & 6 =

Answer 19

Muscle Groups in Page 3

Moves 1 & 2 = Scalenus Posterior, Medius & Levator Scap

Moves 3 & 4 = Spinalis & Semi-spinalis Capitis

Moves 5 & 6 = Trapezius & Splenius Capitis

Question 20

Muscle Groups in the Ankle Procedure

Moves 1

Moves 2 a & b

moves 3

Answer 20

Muscle Groups in the Ankle Procedure

Moves 1: Extensor Hallucis Longus, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Tibialis Anterior (Extensor Retinaculum)

Moves 2: Fibularis Brevis & Longus

Moves 3 Tibialis Posterior and 3 deltoid ligaments (Tibiotalar, navicular & Calcaneal)

Question 21

Muscle Groups in the Elbow/ Wrist Procedure

Move 1

Move 2

Move 3

4,5 & 6

7 & 8

RSI moves:

Carpel Tunnel:

Answer 21

Muscle Groups in the Elbow/ Wrist Procedure

Move 1: Medial Deltoid

Move 2: Extensor Digitorum communis

Move 3: Triceps tendon (medial border)

4, 5 & 6: Tripod holding points: Radiohumeral joint & adjacent to Lat & med Epicondyle.

7 & 8: Extensor retinaculum

RSI moves: Extensor Digitorum, 2 moves

Carpel Tunnel: 1. tease Flexor Digitorum, 2. close Flexor Digitorum.

Question 22

Muscle Groups in the Hamstring Procedure

Move 1

Move 2

Move 3

Move 4

5,6 & 7

8 & 9

Move 10

Answer 22

Muscle Groups in the Hamstring Procedure

Move 1: Cojoined head of long head of biceps Femoris & Semitendonosis

Move 2: Popliteal Fossa

Move 3: Jar Metatarsal ball of foot

Move 4: HTL (Varsus Lateralis)

5, 6 & 7: ‘The bears’ Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus.

8 & 9: Medial & Lateral Gastronomius

Move 10: Achilles Tendon

Question 23

Muscle Groups in the Knee Procedure

Move 1

2 & 3

Move 4

5 & 6

Move 7

8, 9 & 10

Move 11

Move 12

Answer 23

Muscle Groups in the Knee Procedure

Move 1 HTL - Varsus Lateralis

2 & 3 Patella Ligament/ Retinaculum

Move 4 Varsus Medialis

5 & 6 Head of Lateral and Medial Gastrocnemius/Soleus

Move 7 Tease down Gastrocnemius

8, 9 & 10 3 moves on Achillies Tendon

Move 11 close the Gastrocnemius

Move 12 Tibial Nerve

Question 24

Muscle Groups in the Sacrum Procedure

Move 1

Move 2

Answer 24

Muscle Groups in the Sacrum Procedure

Move 1 Holiding point on the Gluteus Maximus/ edge of Sacrum.

Move 2 Gluteus maximus, medius & minimus

Question 25

Muscle Groups in the Shoulder Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Move 2 Move 3

Answer 25

Muscle Groups in the Shoulder Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 **Posterior Deltoid** & **Triceps** Move 2 Jar **Medial Deltoid** Move 3 **Anterior Deltoid**/ **Pectoral**

Question 26

Muscle Groups in Breast Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Move 2

Answer 26

Muscle Groups in Breast Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Pectoralis Major (Superior) Move 2 Pectorais Major (Inferior) + serratur Anterior, External Oblique

Question 27

Muscle Groups in the Coccyx Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Move 2

Answer 27

Muscle Groups in the Coccyx Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Gluteus Maximus at lateral edge of Sacrum Move 2 Rectus Abdominus

Question 28

Muscle Groups in the Diaphragm Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Move 2 Move 3

Answer 28

Muscle Groups in the Diaphragm Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Erector Spinae Move 2 Rectus Abdominus/Diaphragm junction (at costal margin). Holding Point - Inferior to Xiphoid Process Move 3 Rectus Abdominus/Diaphragm (just inferior to Xiphoid Process)

Question 29

Muscles Groups in Kidney Procedure ## Footnote Move 1

Answer 29

Muscles Groups in Kidney Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Erector Spinae

Question 30

Muscle Groups in Pelvic Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Move 2 Move 3 Move 4

Answer 30

Muscle Groups in Pelvic Procedure ## Footnote Move 1 Vastus lateralis (HTL) Move 2 Adductor Longus Move 3 Sartorius Move 4 Inguinal Ligament

Question 31

Muscles Groups in SCM & TMJ Procedure _SCM_ 1 & 2 3 & 4 5 & 6 6a 7 _TMJ_ 1 & 2 3 4

Answer 31

Muscles Groups in SCM & TMJ Procedure _SCM_ 1 & 2 Submandibular Gland 3 & 4 Trachea 5 & 6 Sternal attachment of SCM 6a Hyoid & Attachments 7 Drain along sternocleidomastoid _TMJ_ 1 & 2 Temporo Mandibular Joint 3 Posterior Border of Mandible 4 Posterior edge of Temporalis

Question 32

What are the Functions of the Skeleton?

Answer 32

1. Support - without the skeleton the body would be flabby and could not stand up. Arrangement of BONES give shape to the body. 2. Protection - of delicate organs. Cranium = Brain : Thoracic cage = heart/lungs. 3. Movement - due to attachments of muscle to bones and joints, pulls the body in different directions. Bones act as levers. 4. Storage - minerals such as calcium salts and phosphorus 5. Production - Red blood cells in red bone marrow.

Question 33

The nervous system can be devided into three... name them?

Answer 33

1. the ***motor*** system (for muscular control) 2. the ***sensory*** system (for providing info to the brain from the senses) 3. the ***autonomic*** system (which controls bodily functions whic are not under concous control, such as digestive system)

Question 34

The motor signal from the brain consists of an electrical impulse which flashes along the nerve, jumping the gaps between nerve cells - called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_- on chemical carriers called \_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. The signal is received at the muscle by ____ \_\_\_ ______ which stimulate the muscle fibers to contract, thus causing movement.

Answer 34

The motor signal from the brain consists of an electrical impulse which flashes along the nerve, jumping the gaps between nerve cells - called ***synapses*** - on chemical carriers called ***neuro-transmitters***. The signal is received at the muscle by ***motor end plates*** which stimulate the muscle fibers to contract, thus causing movement.

Question 35

The brain is devided into various areas, each one of which controls one function of one area of the body. However, complex incoming sensory signal may be processed in more than one area of the brain at once - give an example...

Answer 35

visual signalss are received in one part of the brain but interpreted in another.

Question 36

There are two seperate systems in the autonomic nervous system... name them

Answer 36

1. the ***sympathetic*** (fight or Flight) 2. the ***parasympathetic*** (rest & digest or feed & breed)

Question 37

1. What does the Sympathetic Nervous Sytem do? 2. How are the sypathetic nerve signals relayed? 3. What happens when these nerves are stimulated?

Answer 37

1. "Flight or Fight" - It prepared the body for emergency action by reducing non-essential activities such as digestion. 2. From the ***sympathetic ganglia*** which form a chain along either side of the spine. 3. Leads to an increase in heart & breathing rates, increase blood supply to muscles and dilation of the pupils of the eyes. Meanwhile salivation, urine production and digestive activity are reduced.

Question 38

1. What does the Parasympathetic Nervous Sytem do? 2. How are the parasypathetic nerve signals relayed? 3. What happens when parasympathetic comes into play?

Answer 38

1. Rest & Digest or Feed & Breed 2. The parasympathetic system emerges from the spine in the lower lumbar area 3. Comes into play during rest & sleep, slowing the heart & breathing rates, constricting pupils & increasing digestion.

Question 39

Anatomical Planes * Coronal or Frontal Plane * Sagital Plane or Lateral Plane * Axial Plane or Transverse Plane

Answer 39

Anatomical Planes * Divides the body into front and back. Related to the terms **anterior** and **posterior**. The actions of **adduction** and **abduction** happen along this plane * Divides the body into Left and Right halves. Related to the terms **medial** and **lateral**. The actions of **flexion** and **extension** ocur along this plane. * Dived the body into upper & lower parts. Relates to the terms **superior** and **inferior**. **Rotation** happens along this plane.

Question 40

# Name the Planes or describe how the Plane divides the body, what Terms are used and what actions occur. Anatomical Planes * Divides the body into front and back. Related to the terms **anterior** and **posterior**. The actions of adduction and abduction happen along this plane * Divides the body into Left and Right halves. Related to the terms **medial** and **lateral**. The actions of **flexion** and **extension** ocur along this plane. * Dived the body into upper & lower parts. Relates to the terms **superior** and **inferior**. **Rotation** happens along this plane.

Answer 40

Anatomical Planes * Coronal or Frontal Plane * Sagital Plane or Lateral Plane * Axial Plane or Transverse Plane

Question 41

Anatomical Terms 1. Medial 2. Lateral 3. Proximal 4. Distal 5. Inferior 6. Superior

Answer 41

Direction 1. Towards the midline of the body 2. Away from the midline of the body 3. A structure **closer** to the trunk. 4. A structure **further away** from the trunk of the body's midline. 5. Lower or below 6. Upper or above

Question 42

Anatomical Terms 1. Cephalad or Cranial 2. Caudal or Caudad 3. Anterior 4. Posterior 5. Dorsal 6. Ventral 7. Prone 8. Supine

Answer 42

Direction 1. Head 2. Tail, tail end 3. Towards the front 4. Towards the back 5. Posterior 6. Anterior 7. Face down 8. Face up

Question 43

# Anatomical Terms Direction 1. Towards the midline of the body 2. Away from the midline of the body 3. A structure **closer** to the trunk. 4. A structure **further away** from the trunk of the body's midline. 5. Lower or below 6. Upper or above

Answer 43

Anatomical Terms 1. Medial 2. Lateral 3. Proximal 4. Distal 5. Inferior 6. Superior

Question 44

# Anatomical Terms Direction 1. Head 2. Tail, tail end 3. Towards the front 4. Towards the back 5. Posterior 6. Anterior 7. Face down 8. Face up

Answer 44

Anatomical Terms 1. Cephalad or Cranial 2. Caudal or Caudad 3. Anterior 4. Posterior 5. Dorsal 6. Ventral 7. Prone 8. Supine

Question 45

Cervical Spine - Name the areas & possible affects ## Footnote C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7

Answer 45

Cervical Spine ## Footnote C1 Blood supply to head, pituatry gland, scalp, bones of the face, brain, inner & middle ear, sympathetic nervous system. ===== *headaches nervousness, insomia, head cold, high blood pressure, migrane headaches, nervous breakdowns, amnesia, chronic tiredness, dizzyness* C2 Eyes, Optic Nerve, Auditory nerves, sinuses, mastoid bones, tongue, forhead ===== *Sinus trouble, allergies, cross eyes, deafness, eye trouble, earache, fainting spells,certain cases of blindness* C3 Cheeks, outer ear, face bones, teeth, trifacial nerve ===== *Neuralgia, neuritis, acne or pimmples, eczema* C4 Nose, lips, mouth, eustachian tube ===== *Heyfever, catarrh, hearing loss, adenoids* C5 Vocal chords, neck, glands, pharynx ===== *Laryngitis, hoarseness, throat conditions such as soar throat or quinsy* C6 Neck muscles, shoulders, tonsils===== *Stiff neck, pain in upper arm, tonsilitis, whooping cough, croup* C7 Thyroid gland, bursae in the shoulders, elbows ===== *Bursitis, colds, thyroid conditions*

Question 46

Thorasic Spine - Name the areas & affects ## Footnote T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12

Answer 46

Thorasic Spine ## Footnote T1 Arms from the elbows down, esophagus & trachea ===== *Asthma, cough, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, pain in lower arms & hands* T2 Heart, including its valves, coverings, coranary arteries ===== *functional heart conditions & certain chest conditions* T3 Lungs, bronchial tubes, pleura, chest, breast ===== *Bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, congestion, influenza* T4 Gall bladder, common duct ===== *Gall bladder conditions, jaundice, shingles* T5 Stomach ===== *Stomach troubles, including nervous stomach, indegestion, heartburn, dyspepsea* T6 Pancreas, duodenum ===== *ulcers, gastritis* T7 Spleen ===== *Lowered resistance* T8 Liver, solar plexus, blood ===== *Liver conditions, fevers, low blood pressure, anemia, poor circulation, arthritis* T9 Adrenal and supra-renal glands ===== A*llergies, hives* T10 Small intestines, lymph conditions ===== *Rheumatism, gas pains, certain types of sterility* T11 Kidneys ===== *Kidney troubles, hardening of the arteries, chronic tiredness, nephritis, pyelitis* T12 Kidneys, ureters ===== *Skin conditions, acne, pimples, eczemz, boils*

Question 47

Lumbar Spine, Sacrum & Coccyx - Areas & Affects ## Footnote L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Sacrum Coccyx

Answer 47

Lumbar Spine, Sacrum & Coccyx - Areas & Affects ## Footnote L1 Appendix ===== *Cramps, difficulty breathing, acidosis, varicous veins* L2 Larger Intestines, inguinal rings ===== *Constipation, coliotis, dysentry, diarrhea, some ruptures or hernias* L3 Sex organs, uterus, bladder, knees ===== *Bladder troubles, menstual troubles such as painful orirregular periods, miscarriages, bed wettng, impotency, changes of life symptons, many knee problems* L4 Lower legs, ankles, feet ===== *Poor circulation in the legs, swollen ankles, weak ankles and arches, cold feet, weakness in the legs, leg cramps* L5 Prostate gland, muscles of the lower back, sciatic nerve ===== *Sciatica, lumbago, difficult, painful or too frequent urination, backaches* Sacrum Hip bones, buttocks ===== *Sacro-iliac conditions, spinal curvatures* Coccyx Rectum, anus ===== *Hemorroids (piles), puritis (itching), pain at end of spine on sitting*

Question 48

Apple Cider Vineger 1. What are the indications? 2. Application 3. Frequency 4. Cautions & Remarks

Answer 48

ACV 1. Acts as an astringent, drawing fluid & swelling away from injury. RACE not RICE (rest, ACV, Compression & Elervation) Typically applied to sprain or twists, but also used for any soft tissue trauma such as bruises, inflammation, soreness & areas of redness or heat. Has also 100s of other uses such as in arthritis, hair rinse, stings & rashes and weight loss. 2. ACV is applied by soaking material in neat vinegar, this can be diluted for children & sensitive skin. Material (cloth, bandage or flannel) applied direct to skin and wrapped lightly in cling film and left on for 1-2 hours 3. 2 hrs on 1+ hr off for skin to dry out. Repeat as necessary. Extensive bruising or trauma should be sent for medical advice. 4. Can sometimes cause irritation- can be diluted to 3:1 with water. Any open cuts can be smeared with Vaseline. Do NOT apply to open wounds or to Cellulitis.

Question 49

Epsom Salts 1. What is Epsom Salt? 2. What are the indications? 3. Application 4. Frequency 5. Cautions & Remarks

Answer 49

Epsom Salts 1. What is Epsom Salt? Magnesium Sulphate 2. What are the indications? Where there is calcification of the joint or where there is stiffness and soreness after treatment or physical activity. Can be used locally such as hands or feet. General aid to relaxation. Cold or flu and skin conditions such as excema or dermatitis. 3. Application; foot/ hand soak - 2tbl in 2lts warm water soak for 15-20mins. In a bath approx 10oz in 70lts. Bath water should be warm not hot. 4. Frequency; when ever a bath is taken or specific problems such as bunion 5soaks/week 5. Cautions & Remarks; bath water warm not hot! Careful with dry skin conditions, Children under 5 not recommended except under medical supervision.

Question 50

Washing Soda ## Footnote What is Washing Soda? What are the indications? Application Frequency Cautions & Remarks

Answer 50

1. What is Washing Soda? **Sodium Carbonate** 2. What are the indications? **Great as an osmosis agent and drawing fluid away from a swollen joint, such as knee or ankle** 3. **Application: Crushed crystals or flakes placed in a Cotten handkerchief, wrapped and placed at the lower end of the swelling and tied in place with either old tights or bandage and an old towel wrapped around to soak up the fluid released. Should be applied just before bead and left over night, 6 hours.** 4. **Frequency: Until swelling has been relieved. Every night but no more than 3 per week.** 5. Cautions & Remarks: **Any cuts or grazes should be covered in Vaseline before application. Care so no fluid runs into any orifices. If no reduction or pack remains dry, change the position to allow the fluid to be drawn. Clients with high BP or heart disease might prefere to start with shorter periods of application to avoid radical removal of fluid from their system and if in doubt should seek medical advice.**