Intro/Gross?

Question 1

What does the motor cortex do?

Answer 1

• controls contralateral limbs
• moves eyes to opposite side
• moves head to opposite side

Question 2

what cranial motor nerves control the eyes?

Answer 2

CN III, IV, VI

Question 3

What cranial motor nerves control the head?

Answer 3

CN XI

Question 4

What are the cranial motor nerves that control the larynx?

Answer 4

CN X

Question 5

The LEFT visual field is processed by what?

Answer 5

right thalamus and right cortx

Question 6

the RIGHT visual field is processed by what?

Answer 6

left thalamus and left cortex

Question 7

What would you be testing when checking the mental status?

Answer 7

the cerebrum

Question 8

what would you be testing when checking the cranial nerves?

Answer 8

the brainstem

Question 9

the motor and sensory exam check what?

Answer 9

• cerebrum
• cerebellum
• brainstem
• spinal cord
• PNS

Question 10

What region is the Supratentorial compartment in?

Answer 10

the cerebrum

Question 11

what cranial nerves are in the supratentorial compartment?

Answer 11

CN I and II

Question 12

what is controlled in the supratentorial compartment?

Answer 12

• awake and oriented?
• olfactory and visual systems
• cognition and language
• emotional and behavioral regulation
• hypothalamic/pituitary funtions

Question 13

what region is the infratentorial compartment in?

Answer 13

Brainstem and cerebellum

Question 14

what cranial nerves are in the infratentorial compartment?

Answer 14

CN III-XII

Question 15

what is controlled in the infratentorial compartment?

Answer 15

motor coordination

Question 16

what is in the vertebral compartment?

Answer 16

• spinal cord

- dorsal and ventral roots

Question 17

what is controlled in the vertebral compartment?

Answer 17

• reflexes

- motor and sensory exams

Question 18

what is the peripheral level?

Answer 18

• somatic/visceral nerves

- reflexes

Question 19

what cranial nerves are off the midbrain?

Answer 19

3-4

Question 20

what cranial nerves are off the pons?

Answer 20

5-7

Question 21

what cranial nerves are off the medulla?

Answer 21

8-12

Question 22

olfactory tract goes where?

Answer 22

cerebrum

Question 23

optic tracts go where?

Answer 23

thalamus

Question 24

what is transient onset?

Answer 24

• sudden onset

- resolves in minutes

Question 25

what is acute onset?

Answer 25

-sudden (minutes to hours)

Question 26

what is subacute onset?

Answer 26

-intermediate (hours to days)

Question 27

what is insidious/ chronic onset?

Answer 27

-gradual (weeks to months)

Question 28

what is focal distribution? multi focal? diffuse?

Answer 28

- clear boarderlines-single lesion - clear boarders-multiple lesions - no clear boarderline, bilateral

Question 29

what are the types of differential diagnosis?

Answer 29

``` Vascular Infection Neoplasm(tumor) Degenerative disease Intoxication Congenital Auto-immune disease Traumatic Endocrine Seizure ```

Question 30

what is in the CNS?

Answer 30

- cerebrum - cerebellum - brainstem - spinal cord - pre-ganglionic autonomic neurons

Question 31

what is in he PNS?

Answer 31

- spinal nerves and rami - somatic nerves - visceral nerves - autonomic ganglia and post autonomic neurons

Question 32

what are the parts of the Cerebrum? what is in each part?

Answer 32

1. Telencephalon: Cerebral cortex and subcortical regions | 2. Diencephalon: Thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 33

what are the parts of the cerebellum?

Answer 33

- midbrain - pons - medulla

Question 34

are the lobes of the brain different tissues?

Answer 34

- nope | - they are continuous

Question 35

what are the hollow, empty spaces deep in the hemisphere?

Answer 35

ventricles

Question 36

the thalamus and hypothalamus are deep to what?

Answer 36

the wall of the third ventricle

Question 37

the brain and spinal cord develop from a fluid filled neural tube filled with what?

Answer 37

-originally amniotic fluid, but replaced with CSF

Question 38

what produces the major CNS regions?

Answer 38

-growth and folding of the neural tube

Question 39

what is the flow pattern of CSF through ventricular space?

Answer 39

- Choroid plexus secretes CSF by filtering plasma - uni direrctional flow through ventricular system - CSF exits through small foramen to subarachnoid space - CSF reabsorbed into veins and sinuses

Question 40

what is the lateral aperture responsible for?

Answer 40

-hydraulic suspension of the brain

Question 41

what is the median aperture responsible for?

Answer 41

acts as pore for CSF to go to the outside of the brain