What is wellness?
The state of optimum health
What is epidemiology?
Study of
- frequency
- distribution
- causes of
- infectious and non-infectious disease in a population based on an investigation of the physical and social envt.
What is morbidity?
No of cases of a disease at a point in time.
What is incidence?
No. of new cases at a given time.
It determines the probability of being diagnosed with an illness.
What is mortality?
No of deaths due to a particular cause.
Describe contemporary views of mind-body rship (four points)
- a holistic view
- physical health interwoven with psychological and social envt
- all types of health and disease interwoven this way
- mind and body can’t be separated in matters of health and illness
What is the biomedical model?
- focus on illness
- illness as aberrant physiological processes
- psychological and social processes are independent of disease
- dominant model for past 300 years
What is the WHO’s 1948 definition of health?
A complete state of wellbeing including:
- physical (biological) wellbeing
- mental (psychological) wellbeing
- social wellbeing
Health is not absence of disease or infirmity and is on a spectrum
What is prevalence?
The total number of existing cases at a given time. It determines morbidity rates.
What is the difference between prevalence and incidence?
Prevalence: How many people have this disease right now?”
Incidence: “How many people per year newly acquire this disease?”
What are the limitations of the biomedical model?
- Single factor model (illness is only due to biological malfunction)
- illness is reduced to low-level processes e.g. chemical imbalances
- mind-body dualism
- focus on illness, not on health
What is the biopsychosocial model?
- Has a system focus
- Assumes that health and illness are the interplay of biological, social and psychological factors
What are the advantages of the biopsychosocial model?
- Focus on health and illness
- Macro-level processes (psychological and social factors) are determinants of health (like microlevel processes e.g. chemical imbalance)
- accounts for multiple factors
- Mind and body are indistinguishable in terms of health and illness
How do you apply the biopsychosocial model in practice?
- dx must consider interaction of biological, psychological and social factors
- Treatment should also consider biological, psychological and social factors
- Therapy is more individually targeted to the individual
- Relationship between the patient and health care practitioner is important in the effectiveness of health care.
