Semester 1 > Intro Test 1 > Flashcards

Intro Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Anthropology

A

The study of human Species and it;s origin and development of language/culture

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2
Q

Psychology

A

The study of the human mind, emotions cognitive processes and personality

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3
Q

Sociology

A

The study of society and social behavior and social interactions withing communities/society

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4
Q

Anthropology Belief

A

Origins explain how we live, communicate and interact with our environment

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5
Q

Psychology Belief

A

You are born with certain behaviours but you can also adapt and learn new behaviors over time

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6
Q

Sociology Belief

A

The group you are apart of will impact/determine your personal expectations and values

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7
Q

Psychology Questions

A
  1. What is the cause of certain behaviours?
  2. How does a persons personality develop over time?
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8
Q

Anthropology Questions

A
  1. How is language formed and developed?
  2. How does culture develop and change over time?
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9
Q

Sociology Questions

A
  1. What are teh roles of social institutions?
  2. How does others behaviours effect teh control we have over our emotions?
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10
Q

Malcolm Tipping Point

A

Ideas, products and behaviors become popular and reach a tipping point and then decline.

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11
Q

Law of the Few Connector

A

Special talent to interact with different people and bring them together

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12
Q

Law of the Few Mavens

A

Ability to acquire info and pass it to others

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13
Q

Law of the Few Salesman

A

Power to persuade others to agree with the idea

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14
Q

Stickiness Factor

A

Being able to stick in teh minds of consumers and influence their behaviour

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15
Q

Power of Context

A

Small ideas or facts that can cause an idea to “tip”

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16
Q

What is Participant Observation

A

Participant observation is when you fully immerse yourself within a culture or environment. Living or closely observing things in society.

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17
Q

Acculturation

A

Contact, exposure, and exchange of ideas between cultures, and it makes changes to both.

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18
Q

Diffusion

A

Spread of a cultural trait from one society to another through social contact

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19
Q

Differences between Diffusion and Acculturation

A
  1. Diffusion is a one-way spread of cultural changes and diffusion is a two-way spread that effects both
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20
Q

Similarities between Diffusion and Acculturation

A

Both are the spread of cultural change.

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21
Q

Macrosociology

A

The sociological approach in which groups, social systems, and social structures are analyzed on a large scale.

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22
Q

Microsocioolgy

A

The sociological approach is where things are analyzed on a small scale or in small groups.

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23
Q

Cognitive Consistency

A

The tendency to seek out info that is consistent and supports your ideas and beliefs.
They tend to ignore attitudes that cause discomfort and inconsistency

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24
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

The state of having inconsistent thoughts/beliefs. Your behaviours could be in direct conflict with what you believe.

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25
Confirmation Bias
When people favour information that confirms their beliefs about an issue This protects us from cognitive dissonance
26
The Internet's Relation to Confirmation Bias
Searching for info on the internet that confirms your beliefs because you have easy access to info.
27
Social Paradigm Shift
When a new set of ideas, beliefs or values becomes strong enough to change the way people perceive society.
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Social Paradigm Shift Example
Women's Human Rights Movement
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Ethnocentrism
When you believe your own culture/beliefs are better than or superior to others.
30
Who Founded cultural materialism?
Marvin Harris
31
What is cultural materialism?
The belief that in order to determine how ideas of culture develop you need to consider the physical materials and conditions within an environment.
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What is the first level of cultural Materialism (Bottom)?
Infrastructures - Material things that the culture produces.
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What is the second level of cultural materialism?
Structure- Deciding who should get what (economy, politics and wealth)
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What is the 3rd level of cultural materialism?
Superstructures - The values and beliefs of a culture.
35
Who founded functionalism?
Bronislaw malowinski
36
What is Functionalism
Problems within society are caused by trying to meet the needs of everyone. The culture functions in the best interest of the majority.
37
Who founded the psychoanalitic theory?
Sigmund Freud
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What is the Psychoanalytic theory?
The theory that our early childhood expieriences are stored in our unconcious mind and can subconciously influence on the way we function.
39
Who founded the Learning Theory?
Albert bandura
40
What is the Learning Theory?
The belief that people are born with little instincts but also have learning potential. Most behaviour is learned.
41
Who founded feminism?
42
What is feminism?
Feminism is the belief that women are at a disadvantage in society comapred to men.
43
Who founded marxism?
Karl Marx
44
What is Marxism?
Economic power and material wealth create a situation of natural competition between classes.
45
Who founded Structural Functionalism?
Talcott Parsons and Emhile Durkheim
46
What is structural functionalsim?
Society should provide it's members with stability and balance. All groups in a society have a a responsibility to maintain it.
47
External factor of Change
1. Physical Environment 2. Population Changes 3. Proximity 4. Social Environment 5. Technology
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What is Physical Environment?
The nature and habitat where society exsists. Influence society once a natural disaster occurs by changing the power dynamic. and decided what social group you're in after disaster.
49
What is populattion Changes?
Immigration and emigration offer a lot of diversity to a population. This can also overwhelm the current social systems.
50
What is Proximity?
Certain groups that are in close geographical proximity have a tendency to develop along with change faster. Trade wars were used to share ideas btween cultures.
51
What is Social Environment?
The social environment and structure can dictate the rate of change. A societys beliefs and values determine how they will react to change.
52
What is Technology?
Technology changes our society and how we interact with it. Many of our social values are connected to technology.
53
Arab Spring Case
1. Peacefull protests lead by egyptian youth in Cairo used modern technology to spread awareness when not attending protests. 2. Protesters burned down empty headquarters
54
5 Theories of Change
1.Evolutionary theory of change 2. Cyclical Theory of change 3. Challenge and response theory of change 4. Functioalist Theory of change 5. Conflict theory of change
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Evolutionary Theory of Change
- All societies evolve from simple beings and become more complex - Progress is measures by the ability of a society to move towards living better
56
Cyclical Theory of Change
- Progress that change in a society is like a cycle, things obtain power then die off. - Fashion trend that go through popularity then decline
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Challenge and Response theory of change
-Every society faces challenges and success is measures based on a response - Covid 19 and 9/11
58
Functionalist Theory of Change
-Social life could be understood by the soical statics and social dynamics produced.
59
Social Static
The requirements nessecary to maintain and achieve social order. Example- Family, governemnt, law, education, religion
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Social Dynamic
Factors that determine social change Example- Peer pressure and power dynamics
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9/11 and Challenge and Respose theory
9/11 presentented sociaty with a large challenge to security. The process to develop new security measures and rebuild the society was the response.
62
How is conflict theory and marxism related?
- Both Marxism and conflict theory emphasize that society is characterized by social, material, and political inequality. -Marx's central argument was the antagonistic relationship between the bourgeoisie (owners) and the proletariat (workers) as they compete for resources. -Conflict theory expands on this by viewing society as a competition for limited resources, with institutions like the government, education, and religion reflecting and perpetuating these power struggles.
63
Command Class
Authority
64
Obey Class
No authority
65
Social Institution
A stable pattern of beliefs, behaviors, and relationships that organizes social life, structures society, and meets fundamental needs
66
Social Science
group of disciplines that systematically study human behavior, societies, and their relationships,
Semester 1
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