public debates about io’s (4)
secular god’s
frankestein monsters
tools of imperial internationalism
clubs for people to have a good time
what does frankestein monster mean?
stitched togetjer with different body types, and takes a life of its own and does horrible things
characteristics of IOs (3)
- created by formal intergovernmental agreement
- at least 3 member states
- formal treaty base, bureaucracy, and headquarters
categorization of IOs (4)
- membership
- competence
- function
- decision-making authority
categorization- membership
universal: every state can become a mamber
limited: only the same states can become a member
categorization- competence
comprehensive/general: deals with many issues -UN
limited/ issue specific: focus on a specific issue/theme - WTO
categorization- function
rule-making: makes policies and sets rules
operational: executes policy like IEAE
categorization- decision making (intergovernmental)
I. intergovernmental: decisions are taken by member states
- horizontal authority: they decide together, and it affects them
- pooled sovereignty: each state voluntarily takes its authority in an area and pools it to make decisions with other states
categorization- decision making (supranational)
II. supranational: decisions taken by an organizational body affects states
- vertical authority: supranational bodies are above the states
- delagated sovereignty: they handed over the right to make decisions to a higher authority
is EU vertical or horizontal?
EU is hybrid
- Council of EU is horizontal
- ECJ is vertical
forces of IOs (3)
obligation, compliance, enforcement
forces- obligation
- direct: explicitly set in the founding treaty (known in advance)
indirect: arise in the course of the operation- open-ended
forces- compliance
- explicit: states explicitly decide to join the igo and consent to bound- that’s why they comply
- implicit: through belonging to an IO, the state’s preferences change
forces- enforcement
- direct: the ability to punish rule violators (unsc, wto, imf, eu)
- indirect: the ability to persuade/shame rule violators
roles of IOs (3)
actor, forum, instrument
roles- actor
legally- igo’s are independet entities with a legal personality
politically- independent actorness through social recognition- they can sometimes contradict the preferences of states
roles- forum
place where states meet, exchange of interests/information, states are relevant actors- they just MEET in the UN
roles- instruments
they are instruments in the hands of the member states- esp great powers
