Introduction

Question 1

What are the three different approaches to disease and what do they focus on?

Answer 1

• 3 different ways to approach disease
  
  • medical - patient focused; targeting the pathogen, worried about health outcomes, trying to target the within host pathogen and mitigate the response to the disease
  • epidemiologists - population patterns of infection and what statistically predicts the outcome of the disease given presumed causal factors
  • disease ecology - predict the course of infection into the future- very process focused, evolutionary dynamics; seeks to predict the course of the disease

Question 2

When was the first meeting of the epidemiological society of london?

Answer 2

1825 - first meeting of epidemiological society of London

Question 3

Where did the soceity get the data from?

Answer 3

• data from slaves, soldiers, all around the British empire
• that allows them for deep understanding of the disease

Question 4

Who was the founding member of the society?

Answer 4

John Snow - founding member of epidemiological society of London

Question 5

What did John Snow do?

Answer 5

• in 1854 - cholera outbreak in Soho - nobody knows how cholera is transmitted so nobody knows what’s happening
• John snow says that because it is a disease of digestive system it i s probably fecal/oral and nobody believes him
• he goes of to prove his hypothesis
  
  • breaks down the outbreaks of cholera based on where people are getting their water from - from upstream where contaminated water is coming from - people don’t get that much disease
  • then he went to the pumps and interviewed people
  • he identifies the pump as a source of epidemic and famously removes the handle of he pump which stopped the outbreak

Question 6

What happened in Haiti after the earhtquake?

Answer 6

• shortly after the tsunami there was a epidemic of cholera
• very surprising cuz they didn’t have cholera before
• either sanitary disruption or it was brought from somewhere
• They found that most outbreaks were present downstream of the UN misson
• they sechenced the strain and then they found that the strain was close to the strain from nepal which the volunteeres from the UN camp were from

Question 7

What is disease ecology?

Answer 7

Disease ecology - understand what drives pathogen transmission and spread over space and time

Question 8

What happened with the foot and mouth disease outbreaks?

Answer 8

• foot and mouth disease outbreaks
• scientists start using ecological models on disease statistics
• the number of infected farms are gonna be doubled every 9 days
• they also found out how the disease is transmitted like air and vets moving between farms