Introduction

Question 1

What is the golden hour of trauma care?

Answer 1

Those who receive definitive care in the hospital or within one hour of the injury have a much higher rate of survival than those who receive later care.

Question 2

What is the average EMS response time?

Answer 2

Urban settings: 6-8 minutes.

Transport time: 8-10 minutes.

Question 3

Who is generally a first responder?

Answer 3

• Athletic therapist
• Ski patrol
• Emergency management personnel
• Nurse

Question 4

What are the six key roles of the first responder?

Answer 4

1. Gain safe access to the casualty.
2. Identify immediate life threatening conditions.
3. Activate EMS when required.
4. Provide care until advanced help arrives.
5. Ensure safety of yourself, casualty and bystanders.
6. Assist advanced medical care personnel.

Question 5

What are the personal characteristics a first responder should install?

Answer 5

• Maintain a caring and professional attitude.
• Control own fear and anxieties.
• Professional appearance.
• Maintain skills
• Stay fit
• Maintain safe and healthy lifestyle.

Question 6

What is the chain of survival?

Answer 6

1. Healthy lifestyle choices.
2. Early citizen response.
3. Early activation of EMS.
4. First responder care.
5. Advanced pre-medical care.
6. In hospital care.
7. Early rehabilitation.

Question 7

What are the components of legal liability?

Answer 7

• Consent (actual, parental, implied).
• Good samaritan act.
• Abandonment.
• Confidentiality.
• Record keeping.

Question 8

What is negligence?

Answer 8

The failure to follow a reasonable standard of care resulting in damage or injury.

Question 9

How can someone be found negligent?

Answer 9

1. Duty: a legal obligation to assist someone in need when they cannot care for themselves.
2. Breach of duty: omission (the failure to do something) or commission (the failure to do something properly)
3. Proximate cause: there must be a direct link between injury and omission or commission.
4. Damage: injury or damage must have occurred.

Question 10

How do you prepare for an emergency scene?

Answer 10

1. Self and equipment.
2. Plan of action.
3. Communications.
4. Training.

Question 11

How do you evaluate an emergency scene?

Answer 11

1. Location.
2. Situation analysis.
3. Dangers
4. Number of injured people
5. Bystander involvement.
6. Need for additional assistance.

Question 12

How do you ensure your safety at an emergency scene?

Answer 12

1. Evaluate present and potential dangers.
2. Wear protective equipment.
3. Do not exceed training.
4. Summon additional resources.