Introduction

Question 1

what is phonetics

Answer 1

• study of spoken speech

Question 2

communication chain simple

Answer 2

sender > transmission > reciever

speech production > acoustic transmission > speech perception

Question 3

Communication chain detailed (7 steps)

Answer 3

thought > linguistic representation > vocal tract movement> acoustics > auditory perception > linguistic representation > meaning

Question 4

aero tactic feedback

Answer 4

air signal created from a puff of air

Question 5

articulatory phonetics

Answer 5

• speech production

- physiology of speech apparatus

Question 6

acoustic phonetics

Answer 6

• acoustic characteristics of speech

- sound waves, frequency, duration, etc.

Question 7

auditory phonetics

Answer 7

• speech perception
• auditory system
• memory, brain
• how speech is percieved

Question 8

oscillogram

Answer 8

• a time signal
• x= time
• y=loudness
• how many syllables produced in a second

Question 9

spectrogram

Answer 9

to see if you have a low or high-frequency sound/voice

Question 10

how many countries speak English?

Answer 10

110

Question 11

English has ______ learners

Answer 11

1, 500 million

Question 12

most languages have ___ vowels, 3 most common are _______.

Answer 12

• 5

- [i] [a] [u]

Question 13

is written representation suited for speech sounds? why or why not?

Answer 13

• no

- many words are spelled the same but pronounced so different

Question 14

orthography

Answer 14

how we typically spell words

Question 15

IPA is written based on ______.

Answer 15

speech sounds

Question 16

phone

Answer 16

• produced words
• pronunciation of speech sounds
• differ speaker to speaker, from word to word

Question 17

phoneme

Answer 17

• mental representations
• distinctive sound in a language
• tested with minimal pairs

Question 18

allophone

Answer 18

• different forms of the same phoneme
• changes don’t make a minimal pair
• allophones of same phoneme

Question 19

suprasegmental information

Answer 19

• syllabicness
• stress
• intonation (tone)

Question 20

segment

Answer 20

• one acoustic structure that is perceived as one sound segment

Question 21

intonation

Answer 21

used in some languages to signal phonemic differences

Question 22

how can we categorize babies babbling?

Answer 22

• frequency produced
• patterns
• durations
• what articulators being used

Question 23

what is the most common energy source in speech production?

Answer 23

lungs