Ionic bonding

Question 1

Ionic compounds

Answer 1

oppositely charged ions held together by electrostatic attractions

Question 2

Molecular ions

Answer 2

Hydroxide = OH-
Nitrate = NO3-
Ammonium = NH4+
Sulfate = SO42-
Carbonate = CO32-

Question 3

How can you work out the formula of an ionic compound ?

Answer 3

By using the swap and drop method

Question 4

What affects the strength of an ionic bond ?

Answer 4

• ionic charge
• ionic radius

Question 5

Ionic charge

Answer 5

Higher charge = stronger electrostatic attraction

Question 6

Ionic radius

Answer 6

Smaller charge = stronger electrostatic attraction

Question 7

Properties of ionic compounds

Answer 7

• dissolve in water as water molecules are polar they can attract the positive and negative ions and break up the structure
• conducts electricity when molten or dissolved in solution as the ions are free to move around
• high melting points as there are many electrostatic forces between oppostively charged ions lots of enery needed to overcome these forces
• brittle - layers slide so postive ions aligned with positives and negative ions align with negative, they repel and structure breaks apart

Question 8

Ionic radius … as we go down a group

Answer 8

increases

Question 9

As we go down the group the number of electron shells … and so the ionic radius increases too

Answer 9

increases

Question 10

Isoelectric ions

Answer 10

these are different atoms that have the same number of electrons

Question 11

Ionic radius in isoelectric ions … as the atomic number increases

Answer 11

decreases