Ionic Compounds

Question 1

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 1

A compound formed when positive and negative ions bond together through electrostatic attraction.

Question 2

What is an ion?

Answer 2

An atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost electrons and has a charge.

Question 3

What is a cation?

Answer 3

A positively charged ion that has lost electrons.

Question 4

What is an anion?

Answer 4

A negatively charged ion that has gained electrons.

Question 5

Why do atoms form ionic compounds?

Answer 5

To achieve a full outer electron shell and become more stable.

Question 6

What happens to electrons in ionic bonding?

Answer 6

Electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal.

Question 7

Which types of elements form ionic compounds?

Answer 7

A metal and a non-metal.

Question 8

What is the charge of Group 1 metals?

Answer 8

1

Question 9

What is the charge of Group 2 metals?

Answer 9

2

Question 10

What is the charge of Group 17 non-metals?

Answer 10

-1

Question 11

What is the charge of Group 16 non-metals?

Answer 11

-2

Question 12

What is the first step in writing an ionic formula?

Answer 12

Write the symbols and charges of the ions.

Question 13

What is the second step in writing an ionic formula?

Answer 13

Balance the charges so they add to zero.

Question 14

What is the third step in writing an ionic formula?

Answer 14

Criss-cross the charges to become subscripts.

Question 15

What is the final step after criss-crossing?

Answer 15

Reduce subscripts if possible and remove charges.

Question 16

Why must ionic compounds be neutral?

Answer 16

The total positive charge must equal the total negative charge.

Question 17

Write the formula for sodium chloride.

Answer 17

NaCl

Question 18

Write the formula for magnesium oxide.

Answer 18

MgO

Question 19

Write the formula for calcium chloride.

Answer 19

CaCl2

Question 20

Write the formula for aluminum oxide.

Answer 20

Al2O3

Question 21

What is a polyatomic ion?

Answer 21

A group of atoms bonded together that carries a charge.

Question 22

What is the formula for nitrate?

Answer 22

NO3-

Question 23

What is the formula for sulfate?

Answer 23

SO4 2-

Question 24

What is the formula for carbonate?

Answer 24

CO3 2-

Question 25

What is the formula for hydroxide?

Answer 25

OH-

Question 26

How do you write a formula with polyatomic ions?

Answer 26

Balance charges and use brackets if more than one polyatomic ion is needed.

Question 27

Write the formula for calcium nitrate.

Answer 27

Ca(NO3)2

Question 28

Write the formula for aluminum sulfate.

Answer 28

Al2(SO4)3

Question 29

Write the formula for ammonium chloride.

Answer 29

NH4Cl

Question 30

What is ammonium?

Answer 30

A polyatomic ion with a +1 charge (NH4+).

Question 31

Why are brackets used in ionic formulas?

Answer 31

To show that multiple polyatomic ions are present.

Question 32

How do you name an ionic compound?

Answer 32

Name the metal first

Question 33

How do you name ionic compounds with polyatomic ions?

Answer 33

Use the polyatomic ion name without changing the ending.

Question 34

What does the subscript in a formula show?

Answer 34

The number of atoms or ions present.

Question 35

Why are subscripts never written as 1?

Answer 35

It is understood that 1 is implied.

Question 36

What property do most ionic compounds have?

Answer 36

High melting points and they conduct electricity when dissolved in water.

Question 37

What is the valence electron role in ionic bonding?

Answer 37

Valence electrons are transferred to form ions.

Question 38

What is the formula for potassium oxide?

Answer 38

K2O

Question 39

What is the formula for magnesium bromide?

Answer 39

MgBr2

Question 40

What is the formula for sodium sulfide?

Answer 40

Na2S