What RFC defines private IP addresses?
RFC 1918
What is the private Class A IP range?
10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0/8)
What is the private Class B IP range?
172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0/12)
What is the private Class C IP range?
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0/16)
Which private IP range is most common in home networks?
192.168.0.0/16
Are private IP addresses routable on the public internet?
No
What technology allows private IP addresses to access the internet?
NAT (Network Address Translation)
What is the purpose of NAT?
To translate private IP addresses to public IP addresses
What type of NAT allows multiple devices to share one public IP?
PAT (Port Address Translation)
What NAT type maps one private IP to one public IP?
Static NAT
Which NAT type dynamically assigns public IPs from a pool?
Dynamic NAT
What IP range is used by APIPA?
169.254.0.0 – 169.254.255.255
When is an APIPA address assigned?
When DHCP fails
Is APIPA routable on the internet?
No
What protocol normally assigns IP addresses automatically?
DHCP
What IP address range is used for loopback testing?
127.0.0.0 – 127.255.255.255
What is the most commonly used loopback address?
127.0.0.1
What is the purpose of a loopback address?
To test the local TCP/IP stack
Is 127.0.0.1 a private IP address?
No – it is a loopback address
Is 169.254.x.x a private IP range?
No – it is APIPA
Is 172.15.10.5 a private IP address?
No – private range is 172.16–172.31
Which IP address type indicates a DHCP failure?
APIPA
Which IP address type is used only inside a local network?
Private IP
Which IP address is used to test the local machine?
Loopback
