IPv6
How do VPCs handle IPv6 routing with IPv4 addresses?
They don’t. All routing is separate for IPv4 and IPv6.
IPv6
How do you dual-stack a NAT Gateway to handle IPv4 and IPv6?
Can’t, and it isn’t needed. NATGW tech exists to conserve or deal with IPv4 exhaustion.
IPv6
So how do you “hide” IPv6 subnets in a VPC from all being available on the public Internet?
Egress-only Internet Gateway: all IPv6 goes out, nothing outside can reach in.
IPv6
How do you handle bidirectional IPv4 traffic in a VPC with only one-way IPv6?
IGW for only IPv4, Egress-only IGW for IPv6 traffic.