IQ

Question 1

Boring’s definition of intellegence

Answer 1

intelligence is whatever intelligence tests measure
- doesn’t ask what makes some people smarter than others?

Question 2

Galton’s IQ theory

Answer 2

he believed that intelligence was a byproduct of sensory capacity and that the more you could sense the more knowledge you could obtain.
- not actually true, sensory was weakly related to iq

Question 3

Binet and Simon

Answer 3

• designed first intelligence test in 1905
• focused on higher reasoning and ability to understand theoretical concepts (abstract thinking)

Question 4

abstract thinking

Answer 4

Intelligence is the ability to understand theoretical/hypothetical concepts

Question 5

General Intelligence

Answer 5

• spearman
• accounts for overall differences in intellect
• people with effective, powerful brains

Question 6

specific intelligence

Answer 6

particular intelligence in a specific domain
- intelligence is made up of both g and s

Question 7

fluid intelligence

Answer 7

capacity to learn new was of solving problems
- cattell and horn

Question 8

crystallized intelligence

Answer 8

• accumulated knowledge of the world over time
• used to answer factual questions
• cattel and horn say iq is a mix of fluid and crystallized

Question 9

Multiple intelligences

Answer 9

• different domains of being smart
• gardner

Question 10

8 intelligence types

Answer 10

1. linguistic
2. logico-math
3. spatial
4. musical
5. bodily-kinesthetic
6. intrapersonal
7. interpersonal
8. naturalistic

Question 11

limitations to gardners multiple intelligences

Answer 11

• hard to falsify
• not certain which things count and which dont
• no evidence that these intelligences are independent

Question 12

frames of mind

Answer 12

ways of thinking of the world

Question 13

triarchic model

Answer 13

• robert Sternberg
• 3 distinct types of IQ: analytical, practical, creative

Question 14

analytical intelligence

Answer 14

the ability to think logically (book smarts)

Question 15

practical intelligence

Answer 15

ability to solve real world problems, especially involving other people (street smarts)

Question 16

creative intelligence

Answer 16

ability to come up with novel and effective answers to questions

Question 17

brain and intelligence

Answer 17

• brain size is weakly correlated to intelligence
• cerebral cortex development is slower in gifted children
• higher intelligence shows less brain activity (more efficient brain)

Question 18

prefrontal cortex and intelligence

Answer 18

its especially active during highly g-loaded tasks

Question 19

intelligence and reaction time

Answer 19

• negatively correlated
• smarter people have lower reaction times
• intelligence is related to speed of info processing

Question 20

metacognition

Answer 20

• knowledge of our own knowledge
• dumber people tend to think they are smarter

Question 21

stanford-binet test

Answer 21

intelligence test based on comparing performance to population norms (1916)

Question 22

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

Answer 22

• stern 1912
• = divide mental age by chronological age and multiply by 100
• compare iq at what its supposed to be for a certain age

Question 23

Limitations to IQ test by Stern

Answer 23

• iq peaks at around 16
• modern tests fix this by using deviation IQ

Question 24

Wechsler Adult intelligence scale (WAIS)

Answer 24

• iq test for adults which included overall iq, verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, processing speed

Question 25

genetic influences on IQ

Answer 25

- Iq runs in families - environment deprivation can override but genetics still play a role

Question 26

environmental influences on intelligence

Answer 26

- children from larger families have slightly lower iqs - later born children tend to have lower iqs - amount of schooling has an effect - early interventions have short term increases in IQ - decrease in iq over time while living in poor environments because of lack of nutrition and exposure to lead

Question 27

does how we think effect iq

Answer 27

- people who believe intelligence is fixed have take fewer academic risks

Question 28

flynn effect

Answer 28

average increase in iq of 3 points per decade. - could be cause of environmental influences like increased test sophistication, increased complexity of the world, better nutrition, changes in home and school

Question 29

sex differences

Answer 29

- no big difference between iq of men and women - females do better at verbal tasks and emotion - males do better on spatial test like mental rotation and geography