Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Question 1

what is IBS?

Answer 1

IBS is the most commonest long term Functional bowel symptoms in young people.

Question 2

what are the clinical signs of IBS?

Answer 2

• Swinging bowel habits, alternating between constipation to diarrhoea.
• Abdominal pain
• Urgency, feeling of incomplete evacuation
• Passage of mucus
• abdominal bloating
• excess flatus
• fatigue
• dyspepsia
• urinary symptoms
• poor sleep quality
• backache, headaches

Question 3

what are the alarming features in IBS?

Answer 3

• Older patient (over 50, but even 40+ should re‐consider other diagnoses)
• Short history
• Nocturnal diarrhoea / nocturnal pain
• Bleeding in stools
• Iron deficiency - ulcers or hole in the gut
• Weight loss
• Vomiting
• Family history of colon cancer

Question 4

what are the pathophysiology of IBS?

Answer 4

• Altered gut motility
• Visceral hypersensitivity
• Central sensitisation

Question 5

How to manage IBS?

Answer 5

• Dietary– FODMAPdiet
• Pharmacologic: Tailortodiarrhoea‐ /constipation‐ /pain‐predominant
• Probiotics (may be more useful in post‐infective IBS)

Question 6

what is FODMAPs?

Answer 6

FermentableOligo‐,Di‐,Monosaccharides AndPolyols - FODMOPs

Question 7

what are Oligosaccharides?

Answer 7

Fructose and galactose

Question 8

what are Disaccharides?

Answer 8

Lactose

Question 9

what are Monosaccharides?

Answer 9

Fructose

Question 10

What are Polyols?

Answer 10

Sorbitol, mannitol

Question 11

People should avoid High FODMAPs foods. True or False?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What fruits should be avoid in IBS?

Answer 12

Apple, Nashi pears, Watermelons, Mangos, and fruit juice.

Question 13

What fruits are allowed in IBS?

Answer 13

Bananas, berries, grapes, durian, kiwifruits grapefruits, and honeydew melons, Mandarins.