Why did trade routes develop on the Arabian Peninsula?
They developed because it is the crossroad of three continents and is surrounded by several bodies of water
What was Muhammad’s role in Islam’s development?
he began preaching and people started believing that he was a messenger of God and allah is the one true god
What are the important beliefs of Muslims?
They believe following the 5 pillars of Islam, they believe that Muhammad is the messenger and Allah is the one true god,
What rules do Muslims follow for religious practice and everyday life?
they are not allowed to eat pork, drink alcohol, and Friday afternoons are set aside for community worship and prayer
Why were the caliphs tolerant of the people they conquered?
because they knew that they all believed that Allah is the god and Muhammad is his prophet they didnt want overthrows and they let people keep religion because Muhammad said u could not force conversions
How did the issue of choosing leaders divide the Muslim community?
the Sunnis accepted the Umayyads rule, the Umayyads set up a hereditary dynasty. the other group called the Shi’a they believed that the caliph should always be a relative of the Prophet
What cultural advances were made by the Muslims under the Abbasids?
they built a huge standing army, declared all Muslims equal, strengthened power by moving the capital, created the golden age
How did the Umayyads unite the Iberian Peninsula under Muslim rule?
from strongholds , Muslim forces launched raids ever deeper into europe
What was the Golden Age for Muslims and Islam?
it was a time of peace and prosperity, there was no fighting
Stuff About Muhammad
- Led for 20 years
- spread across Arabian peninsula
- Nomads followed Islam
- brought order, justice and hope of heaven to their lives
- 632~ Muhammad died
- no leader
- didn’t know how to choose a new one
- had not named successor
stuff about Mecca
- holy city
- Religious center AND trading center
- Along trade routes
- Ka’aba ~ ancient religious shrine
- Located in the middle of the city
- Shrine
- Cube- shaped stone building
- People traveled from all over Arabian peninsula
stuff about religion
- Ka’aba
- Some Arabs
- Associated with Abraham
- Believed to be ancestors
- Believed Abraham and Ishmael built Ka’aba as temple to God
- Other Arabs
- Believed in many gods
- Also worshiped at Ka’aba
- Some Arabs
Life and Teachings of Muhammed
- Born into powerful family
- Orphaned as a child
- Married a wealthy business woman
- Prospered as a merchant
- 40 years old
- God spoke to him through angel Gabriel
- Preached one God, Allah
- Reject all other gods
A Desert Culture
- Deserts cover hundreds of thousands of square miles
- one is the size of Texas
- Between Red Sea and Persian Gulf
- 1/4 the size of USA
- Little rain
- Small portion is useful for agriculture
- Farmland
- Southern mountains
- Present-day Syria and Iraq
Stuff about Nomads
- Arab herders
- Bedouins
- Move from place to place
- Travel within a specific area
- Looking for food and water
- Grazing lands for herds
- Where to go?
- Landscape, rainfall, oasis - Oasis~ desert area that contains water
- Interact with settled community
- Trade food in exchange for animals and animal products
stuff about family life
- Bedouins
- Lived in clans
- Unit of government
- Provide security and support
- Strong fighting skills
- Core of armies that helped create Muslim empire
- Lived in clans
How did people of Arabia adapt to the landforms and climate? Describe the landforms and climate.
they settled near oasis, They adapted to it by traveling place to place in search of water and land for their cattle to graze. They look for oasisThis is an arid region that receives little rain fall and is covered mainly by deserts.Because of its climate, only a small portion of land is useful for agriculture.
