Isotopes

Question 1

What are isotopes?

Answer 1

Different atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 2

How to calculate relative atomic mass (Ar)?

Answer 2

Ar=100∑(mass of isotope×percent abundance)​

Question 3

What are diatomic molecules?

Answer 3

Substances composed of exactly 2 atoms bonded together

Question 4

Characteristics of diatomic molecules

Answer 4

Stable
Most are gases at room
temperature (except Br₂ = liquid, I₂ = solid)
Bonding = covalent (sharing electrons)

Question 5

What are common physical separation techniques?

Answer 5

Filtration → separates solids from liquids

Crystallization → separates soluble solids from liquids

Simple distillation → separates liquid from dissolved solid

Question 6

PT2 seperating techniques

Answer 6

Fractional distillation → separates liquids with different boiling points

Chromatography → separates components of mixtures

Question 7

Differences between element, compound, and mixture

Answer 7

Element → purest form; one type of atom

Compound → chemically bonded atoms

Mixture → combination of elements and/or compounds, physically combined

Question 8

Why do isotopes of the same element have similar chemical properties

Answer 8

They have the same number of electrons and therefore have the same electron configuration